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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are lipids are made up of? |
Lipids are made up of monomers called glycerol and fatty acid. They are made from repeating units. |
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Draw a triglyceride |
Draw a triglyceride and state how many water molecules are produced via a condensation reaction |
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How many water molecules are produced by a condensation reaction to form a triglyceride? |
Three |
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In a triglyceride what does the R group represent? |
An individual fatty acid |
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In a triglyceride what is attached to each fatty acid? |
A carboxylic acid group |
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In a triglyceride.... |
glycerol and fatty acids contain a hydroxyl group. These hydroxyl groups react to produce 3 water molecules and form Ester bonds. |
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What is a saturated fatty acid? |
A saturated fatty acid contains all single bonds |
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In a triglyceride what does the R group consist of? |
The R group consists of a carbon/hydrogen backbone |
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What is a saturated fatty acid? |
A saturated fatty acid contains all single bonds |
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What makes the carbon backbone an unsaturated fatty acid? |
It contains a double bond |
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What is the difference between a triglyceride and a phospholipid? |
They are structurally very similar however, one of the fatty acid sidechains is replaced by a phosphate group in a phospholipid. This gives the molecule different properties |
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What are phospholipids important components of and how are they positioned? |
Phospholipids are an important component of cell membranes. They form a phospholipid bilayer |
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Draw a phospholipid |
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What are phospholipids important components of and how are they positioned? |
Phospholipids are an important component of cell membranes. They form a phospholipid bilayer |
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Draw a phospholipid bilayer |
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A phospholipid.... |
are modified triglycerides that contain all the molecules of a lipid except it contains phosphorus |
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What are phospholipids important components of and how are they positioned? |
Phospholipids are an important component of cell membranes. They form a phospholipid bilayer |
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What does hydrophilic mean? |
Hydrophilic means water loving |
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Lipids are important because... |
they: are an energy source form protective layers components of cell membranes
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What are phospholipids important components of and how are they positioned? |
Phospholipids are an important component of cell membranes. They form a phospholipid bilayer |
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What does hydrophilic mean? |
Hydrophilic means water loving |
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What does hydrophobic mean? |
Hydrophobic means water hating |
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Which part of a phospholipid is hydrophobic and which part is hydrophilic? |
The phosphate head is hydrophilic and so is attracted to water. The tails are hydrophobic and arrange themselves away from water |
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Triglycerides consists of....
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an alcohol and carboxylic acids. Together they make hydrocarbon chains. |
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Phospholipids have a negative charge because...
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they have extra electrons. This allows them to be soluble in water.
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