Lipids

Front 1

Condensation Reactions in Lipids

Back 1

- Glycerol and 3 fatty acids undergo condensation to form triglycerides

- The 3 hydroxyl groups on glycerol molecule bonds with the 3 carboxyl group on the fatty acids

- 3 Water molecules are released

- The bond b/w the glycerol and fatty acid chains is called an ester linkage

Front 2

Hydrolisis Reactions in Lipids

Back 2

- Reverses the condensation reactions

- Triglycerides are returned to 3 fatty acids and a glycerol backbone

- Breaks down phosphate into 2 fatty acids and a glycerol backbone

Front 3

Triglycerides:

Glycerol

Back 3

- 3 Carbon chain with 3 hydroxyl group

- Can form bond with 3 fatty acid chains

- One fatty acid will bind at each hydroxyl group

- ( glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acids)

Front 4

Triglycerides:

Fatty Acid Chains

Back 4

- Long, short, saturated or unsaturated

- Each fatty acid has carboxyl group (COOH)

- Saturated; straight chains, single bonds and

solid at room temperature

- Unsaturated; contain double bonds, kinked,

liquid at room temperature

Front 5

Phospholipids

Back 5

- Glycerol backbone, phosphate group, nitrogen group and two fatty acid chains

- Head contains the glycerol backbone, phosphate and nitrogen group (is polar and hydrophilic, water soluble)

- Tail contains the two fatty acid chains (is non-polar and hydrophobic)

- Cell membrane is made of phospholipid bilayer

Front 6

Sterols

Back 6

- Contain 4 hydrocarbon rings and various functional groups (OH, C=O)

- Also called steroids

- Cholesterol keeps membrane fluid like

- Various sex hormones are sterols

- Are hydrophobic

Front 7

Waxes

Back 7

- Formed by condensation reaction b/w long-chain fatty acid (carboxyl group) and long- chain alcohol (hydroxyl group)

- Waxes are hyrdrophobic

Front 8

Triglyceride Structure

Back 8

- Glycerol backbone and 3 fatty acid chains

Front 9

Phospholipid Structure

Back 9

- Hydrophilic head (phosphate, nitrate [choline] and glycerol)

- Hydrophobic tail (two fatty acid chains)