Lipid Metabolism And Aa Metabolism

Front 1

fatty acid synthesis occur in

Back 1

the cytosol of the Liver

Front 2

Hormone that stimulates fatty acid synthesis

Back 2

insulin

too much glucose in blood. make fat out of it

Front 3

Two key components of FA synthesis

Back 3

acetyl coa and NADPH

Front 4

acetyl coa carboxylase has a covalent bound prosthetic group called

Back 4

biotin

inhibited by avidin

Front 5

name the substrates that are required by the acetyl coa carboxylase to form malonyl coa

Back 5

bicarbonate
ATP
acetyl coa
biotin

Front 6

describe how mitochondrial acetyl coa is made available in the cytosol

Back 6

converted to citrate by combining with OAA in mitochondria by citrate synthase

transported to cytosol to form citrate

converted back to OAA and Acetyl CoA in cytosol by citrate lyase

Front 7

name the reductant that is required for the fatty acid synthesis

Back 7

NADPH

Front 8

name the substrate and products of malic enzyme

Back 8

S: Malate
E: Malic Enzyme
P: Pyruvate + CO2

Front 9

name the vit. deriv. that is part of the ACP portion of the fatty acid synthase complex

Back 9

vitamin b derivative

Front 10

how much acetyl coa, malonyl coa and NADPH does it take to make palmitate

Back 10

1 acetyl coa
7 malonyl coa
14 NADPH

Front 11

name the enzyme domain that releases palmitate from the fatty acid synthase complex

Back 11

thioesterase I

Front 12

name the enzyme that is expressed during lactation in mammary gland that is relevant to fatty acid synthesis

Back 12

thioesterase II

Front 13

name the fatty acid that are released by thioesterase II

Back 13

capric (C10)
myristic (C12)

Front 14

name 2 essential fatty acids

Back 14

linoleic 18:2 (9,12)
linoleic 18:3 (9,12,15)

Front 15

linoleic acid is the precursor for the biosynthesis of

Back 15

arachidonic acid

Front 16

storage form of fatty acid is

Back 16

triglyceride

(stored in adipose tissue)

Front 17

name the precursor for the synthesis of triglyceride

Back 17

phophatidic acid

Front 18

the backbone compound, on which fatty acid are esterified to form triglyceride are

Back 18

glycerol

made in the liver in peroxosome

Front 19

before beta-oxidation, activated fatty acids are esterfied to...

Back 19

fatty acyl carnitine compound

which is transported from cytosol to the mitochondria

Front 20

name three energy related compounds that are produced upon beta-oxidation of fatty acids

Back 20

acetyl coa, nadph, fadh2

Front 21

Name an enzyme that is located in the mitochondrial matrix that cleaves fatty acyl-carnitine.

Back 21

Carinitine acyltransferase II (CPTII)

Front 22

Upon complete oxidation of stearic acid how many moles of ATP are formed?

Back 22

131

Front 23

Name of methylated fatty acid that is derived from dairy products .

Back 23

phytanic acid

Front 24

Name an enzyme that uses vitamin B12 derivative as coenzyme in the enzyme catalysis.

Back 24

methyl malonyl coa mutase

Front 25

Name a product that is formed from the oxidation of odd chain fatty acid.

Back 25

propionyl coa

Front 26

Name two enzymes that convert propionyl CoA into succinyl CoA.

Back 26

propionyl coa carboxylase

mutase with vitamin b12

Front 27

Name two carboxylases that required biotin as a coenzyme.

Back 27

Acetyl CoA carboxylase

Propionyl CoA carboxylase

Front 28

Name a compound that is catabolized by alpha-oxidation.

Back 28

phytanic acid

Front 29

Name an allosteric activator and inhibitor of acetyl CoA carboxylase

Back 29

Activated by citrate

inhibited by FA-CoA

Front 30

Carnitine acyl-transferase is inhibited by?

Back 30

malonyl coa

Front 31

What is ketogenic amino acid

Back 31

produce only acetyl coa or acetoacetate

arent substrates for glucongenesis

Front 32

what is glucogenic amino acid

Back 32

produce pyruvate,
3-phosphoglycerate,
α-ketoglutarate, OAA,
fumarate,
succinyl CoA.

Front 33

What are essential and nonessential amino acids

Back 33

PVT TIM HALL

Phenylalanine,
Valine,
Threonine,
Tryptophan,
Isoleucine,
Methionine,
Histidine,
Arginine,
Leucine,
Lysine

Front 34

Name the mandatory keto acid and amino acid in the transamination reaction.

Back 34

Glutamate
α-ketoglutarate

Front 35

Describe the role of pyridoxal phosphate (vitamin B6) in the transamination reaction.

Back 35

A coenzyme that helps with the transaminase in the reaction.

Front 36

Describe the role of glutamine with reference to nitrogen catabolism.

Back 36

Since ammonia is toxic, Glutamine is the excess nitrogen carrier.

Front 37

What are the substrates and products of glutaminase?

Back 37

Glutaminase converts glutamine back to glutamate and ammonia

Front 38

What are the substrates and product of carbomoyl phosphate synthase?

Back 38

The enzyme converts ammonia and bicarbonate using ATP to form carbamoyl phosphate

Front 39

Name the two cellular compartments where the urea cycle operates.

Back 39

Mitochondria matrix and the cytosol.

Front 40

Name the allosteric activator of carbomoyl phosphate synthase.

Back 40

N-acetylglutamate

Front 41

Name a drug that is used for treatment of an urea cycle enzyme deficiency.

Back 41

Benzoate

phenylacetate

Front 42

In an exercising muscle, name the cycle that utilizes an amino acid and converts it to glucose.

Back 42

Glucose-Alanine Cycle