Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
This apoprotein enable VLDL and LDL to bind to vessel walls
|
B-100
|
|
Chylomicron's contain this unique apopprotein
|
B-48
|
|
HDL does not contain what apoprotein which limits its ability to bind to vessel walls
|
B-100
|
|
6 Statins
|
Atorastatin
Simvastatin Pravastatin Rosuvastatin Flubastatin Lovastatin |
|
Method of acting for Statins
|
competitive inhibit of HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
decreas cholesterol synth and increases LDL-receptors |
|
When statins should be taken
|
At night b/c this is the time of highest cholesterol synthesis
|
|
Main uses of statins
|
Lower LDL
Smaller incrases in HDL and decreass in TG |
|
Side Effects of statins
|
Myopathy (rabdomyolysis)
increased with higher doses and combination of niacina and fibrates Asymptomatic increase in liver enzymes |
|
Contraindications for statins
|
active or chronic liver disease
|
|
3 bile sequestrants
|
cholestyramine
colestipol colsevelam |
|
Method of action for cholestyramine, colestipol and colsevelam
|
Bind bile acids and prevent their recirculation. Failure to reabsorp bile acids causes shunting of cholesterol to the producting of new bile salts
|
|
Net effect of bilesquestrants
|
reduces LDL
some increase in HDL |
|
Side Effects of cholestyramine, colestipol and colsevelam
|
GI effects secondary to reduced fat absorption
Lower vitamin ADEK uptake Interactions with CHF meds |
|
Bile sequestrants interactions
|
Digoxin, Coumadin, Thiazides, beta blocker and thyroxine
Give them 1 hour before or 4 hours after bile sequestrant |
|
Contraindications of bile sequestrant
|
Can cause dangerous increases in TG's if patients with already eleveated TG's.
High TG's cause pancreatitis Do not give if TG>400 |
|
Effects of Niacin
|
lower TG
Lower LDL Raise HDL |
|
Method of action of niacin
|
decrease VLDL synthesis
secondary increases in HDL synth and lowered HDL removal |
|
Side effects of niacin
|
Flushing and skin issues
GI distress arryhtmia, hyperuricemia, glucose intolerance and lazy eye |
|
contraindications of niacin
|
liver disease
gout diabetes peptic ulcer disease |
|
3 fibrates
|
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate Clofibrate |
|
Main effects of fibrates
|
lower TGs
raise HDL |
|
Side effects of fibrates
|
myopathy
gallstones dyspepsia |
|
contraindications for fibrates
|
pregnant or nusing women
renal disease hepatic disease |
|
method of action for fibrates
|
increase oxidation of fatty acids
increases lipoprotein lipase (removal of TGs from VLDL's) net effects if to lower TG's and shift depleted VLDLs to HDLs |
|
Ezetimbie
|
Blocks cholesterol absorption from the gut
loweres plasma LDL Combined with statins |
|
gemfibrozil drug interactions
|
inhibits glucouranidation of statins, increasing statin side effects
|
|
This bile sequestrant only needs to be taking twice daily
|
Colsevelam
|
|
A patient has just taking some of his heart medication (digoxin, coumadin and thiazides). Which lipid drug must he now wait 4 hours to take
|
Colestyramine
Colestipol Colsevelam |
|
Before prescribing this drug, you must check the patients TG levels
|
Colestyramine
Colestipol Colsevelam |
|
You must check these levels before prescribing bile sequestrants
|
Triglycerides > 400 is absolute contraindication
|
|
Contraindicated in patients with severe gout
|
Niacin
|
|
Potential complication of this medicine in diabetic patient
|
Niacin
causes hyperglycemia |
|
Excellent for lowering TG levels
|
Fibrates
Gemfibrozil Fenofibrate |
|
This drug increases the likelihood of myopathy in patients taking statins
|
Gemfibrozil
Inhibits glucouranidation of statins |
|
If a patient is on this statin, its is safe to take gemfibrozil
|
Pravastatin
It is not metabolized by P450 |
|
Recommended in CAD patients with primarily low HDL
|
fenofibrate
|
|
Your hyperlipidemia patient becomes pregrant. She should be taken off of this drug
|
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate |
|
Patients with severe renal disease should not take these drugs
|
Gemfibrozil
Fenofibrate |
|
Patients with peptic ulcer disease should note take this drug
|
Niacin
|