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17 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

CD

Change Directory

CD ..

Go to previous directory

cd -

changes the working directory to the previous one

cd ~ user_name

changes the working directory to the home directory of user_name

ls

The ls command is used to list the contents of a directory. It is probably the most commonly used Linux command.

less

less is a program that lets you view text files. This is very handy since many of the files used to control and configure Linux are human readable.

file

classify a file's contents

ls /bin

List the files in the /bin directory (or any other directory you care to specify)

ls -l

List the files in the working directory in long format

ls -l /etc /bin

List the files in the /bin directory and the /etc directory in long format

ls -la ..

List all files (even ones with names beginning with a period character, which are normally hidden) in the parent of the working directory in long format

File Name

The name of the file or directory,

Modification time

The last time the file was modified. If the last modification occurred more than six months in the past, the date and the year are displayed. Otherwise, the time of day is shown

Size

The size of the file in bytes

Owner

The name of the user who owns the file.



Group

The name of the group that has permissions in addition to the files owner.

File Permission

A reresentation of the file's access permissions.



The first character is either an "A" or a "d"
"A" indicates a regular file.
"d" indicates a directory

The second set of three characters represent the read,write, and execution writes of the files owner. The next 3 represent the group. The final three represent the rights granted to everybody else.