Linguistics 50 Finals Practice

Front 1

Abjad

Back 1

A phonemic writing system that represents only consonants and not vowels

Front 2

Abugida

Back 2

A phonemic writing system that represents consonants with full graphemes and vowels with diacritics

Front 3

Adjunct

Back 3

A linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional

also called Modifier

Front 4

Affix

Affixation

Back 4

Bound morpheme that attaches to a stem


Process of forming words by adding affixes to morphemes

Front 5

Affricate

Back 5

Sound produced by complete obstrution of the airflow followed by a slight release of the obstructions, allowing frication. An affricate can be thought of as a combination of a stop and a fricative.

Front 6

Auditory Cortex

Back 6

Center of auditory processing

Front 7

Visual Cortex

Back 7

Center of visual processing

Front 8

Motor Cortex

Back 8

Center of motor control

Front 9

Contralateralization

Back 9

The right side of the brain controls the left side of the body,and the left side of the brain controls the right side of the body

Front 10

Aphasia

Back 10

damage to speech areas of the brain

two main types:

Brocke's Aphasia
Wernike's Aphasia

Front 11

Broca's Aphasia

Back 11

problems with speech production

speech is often halting

they clearly understand what they want to produce, but are not able

Front 12

Wernike's Aphasia

Back 12

difficulty understanding

often fluent, but incoherent

Front 13

Allophone

Back 13

one of a set of noncontrastive realizations of the same phoneme

Ex: the letter T

can be "t" like "ton"
can be "d" like "sitting"
can be "-" like "kitten"

the three different forms are allophones of the phoneme "t"

Front 14

Alphabet

Back 14

a phonemic writing system that represents both vowels and consonants with full graphemes

Front 15

Arbitrariness

Back 15

in relation to language, refers to the fact that a word's meaning is not predictable from its linguistic form, nor is its form dictated by its meaning

Front 16

Argument

Back 16

a linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs in that sentence as well. If the occurrence of an expression x in a sentence requires the occurrence of an expression y in that sentence, we say that y is an argument of x

Front 17

Babbling

Back 17

A phase in child language acquisition during which the child produces meaningless sequences of consonants and vowels. Generally begins around the age of six months

Front 18

Bound Morpheme

Back 18

Morpheme that always attaches to another morphemes, never existing as a word itself

Front 19

Complementary Distribution

Back 19

The occurrence of sounds in a language such that they are never found in the same phonetic environment. Sounds that are in complementary distribution are allophones of the same phoneme