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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In a normal frontal X-Ray, the heart shoadow should occupy (blank) or less of the maximal width of the thorax.
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50% (cardio/thoracic ratio)
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TRUE/FALSE - Hypertophy is easily measure by frontal and lateral X ray.
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False - internal change not external change like dilatation
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Dilatation of LA & RV + signs of pulmonary HTN suggest?
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mitral stenosis
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Pulmonary artery Enlargment on X Ray suggests?
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L to R shunt (e.g. ASD), Pulmonary HTN,
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Name 2 Pulmonary manifestations apparent in Left side HF.
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1. septal lines (fluid in interlobular spaces due to edema);
2. blunting of costodiaphragmatic angles from pleural effusions |
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Table 3.1
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Review
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Contrast Echocardiography is highly senistive for the detection of ?
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Congenital HD especially abnormal intracardiac shunts
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2D Echocardiography can be used to measure hypertorphy as well as the pressure gradient across valves via what equation?
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Pressure gradient = 4 x (v squared, distal to the valve)
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TRUE/FALSE - Echocardiography can sufficently and directly image the coronary arteries for disease.
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False - depicts the consequences of CAD and indirect evaluation.
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To Measure R side pressure (A,V, PA) during catherization, where is the insertion?
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Vein (femoral, brachial, or jugular)
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To measure LV or aortic pressure during catherization, where is the insertion?
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Artery (brachial, femoral)
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To measure LA during catherization, where is the insertion?
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Transseptal perforation from R sided catherization (OR) Pulmonary Wedge in capillaries through pulmonic valve
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Describe the pressure's in the heart's chambers
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RA=CVP (0-8);
RV=15-30/0-8; LA =1-10; LV = 100-140/3-12 |
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Prominent RA "a wave" suggests
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Tricuspid stenosis or RV hypertrophy
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Prominent RA "v wave" suggests
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Tricuspid regurgitation
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What is the primary clinical purpose of Contrast Angiography?
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detection of CAD and atherosclerotic lesions.
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What modality is used to assess myocardial perfusion and can therefore determine ischemia and infarction from CAD?
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Radionucleide nuclear imaging (decreased accumulation "cold spots" = ischemia/infarction)
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How do you tell the difference between ischemia and infarction on radionucleide tests?
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Persistence of cold spots = mostly likely infarction but could be hibernating myocardium; "Filling in" = ischemia
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Pharmacologic Stress testing along with radionucleide imaging entails what?
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CA vasodilators (adenosine, dipyridamole) which will "steal" away from ischemic regions resulting in reduced isotope uptake.
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Table 3.5
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Review
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