Lifespan Development

Front 1

A major distinction between autonomous morality and heteronomous morality is that autonomous moral thinkers focus on the:

Back 1

intentions of someone who breaks a rule.

Front 2

Piaget believed that the social understanding of autonomous children comes about through:

Back 2

the mutual give-and-take of peer relations.

Front 3

Emory's work indicates that when children are rewarded for behavior that is consistent with laws and social conventions, they are likely to repeat that behavior. This is the _________:

Back 3

social cognitive view of development

Front 4

If a person has the capacity for empathy, one can assume that he/she has the cognitive ability of:

Back 4

perspective taking.

Front 5

Gender identity refers to the:

Back 5

sense of being male or female.

Front 6

Female sex hormones are called ______ ; male sex hormones are called ______ .

Back 6

estrogens/androgens

Front 7

The most accurate identification theory and social cognitive theory with respect to gender-role development is: (

Back 7

Both assume that children adopt the characteristics of their parents.

Front 8

14 INCORRECT
In terms of parental influences on their children's gender development:

Back 8

mothers are more likely to be given responsibility for ensuring their children conform to cultural norms.

Front 9

According to Sadker and Sadker (1994), girls and boys might receive an education that is not fair in which of the following ways? (Learning Goal 1)
I. boys' learning problems are not identified as often as girls' are.
II. boys are given the lion's share of attention in schools.
III. boys are most often at the top of their classes, but also are most often at the bottom as well.
IV. pressure to achieve is more likely to be heaped on boys than on girls.

Back 9

II, III and IV

Front 10

An individual's attention and behavior are guided by an internal motivation to conform to gender-based sociocultural standards and stereotypes. According to the: ______

Back 10

gender schema theory.

Front 11

The research on the effects of divorce on children suggests:

Back 11

most children competently cope with their parents' divorce.

Front 12

Sarah and Tina's parents have recently divorced. Sarah now lives with their father, and Tina now lives with their mother. Based on the research we might expect___

Back 12

Tina will adjust better than Sarah.

Front 13

You are going through a divorce and must talk to your children about it. You should:

Back 13

Explain that it may take time to feel better.

Front 14

t is more common for low-income families than middle- or upper-income families to:

Back 14

use criticism.

Front 15

One of the most important functions of the peer group is to:

Back 15

teach about the world outside the family.

Front 16

Play therapy is based on the idea that:

Back 16

if the child feels less threatened, true feelings will be displayed.

Front 17

Parten's play categories are examples of increasingly complex and interactive:

Back 17

social play.

Front 18

Practice play differs from sensorimotor play in that practice play:

Back 18

involves coordination of skills.

Front 19

Research concerning children watching television shows that:

Back 19

Research concerning children watching television shows that:

Front 20

Aimee Leifer's (1973) research found television viewing to be associated with young children's:

Back 20

prosocial behavior.

Front 21

The most rapid growth in the brain for children aged 3 to 6 takes place in the:

Back 21

frontal lobe areas.

Front 22

An example of fine motor skills is ___
A) bouncing a ball.
B) walking a straight line.
C) sorting blocks.
D) writing your name.

Back 22

writing your name.

Front 23

Which of the following questions is typical of the preoperational child?
A) "How many different piles of toys can I make from my toys?"
B) "How much is two plus two?"
C) "Where does the moon go when it's light out?"
D) "Do you see the same thing I do, Daddy?"

Back 23

C) "Where does the moon go when it's light out?"

Front 24

Lev Vygotsky BELIEVED some tasks are too difficult for children to handle alone, but can be done with the help of someone more skilled. Such tasks:

Back 24

fall into the zone of proximal development.

Front 25

Lev Vygotsky's beliefs about language and thought can be summed up as:

Back 25

All mental functions have external or social origins

Front 26

Vygotsky believed that cognitive development was most influenced by _______

Back 26

social factors.

Front 27

Vygotsky believed that a child's cognitive development while in the classroom was influenced by:

Back 27

a child's interactions with a teacher.

Front 28

The factors which have been found to account for differences in memory between older and younger children are: (Learning Goal 2)
I. use of rehearsal.
II. speed and efficiency of processing.
III. use of strategies.
IV. increased intelligence.

Back 28

I, II and III

Front 29

An instructor who uses developmentally appropriate methods for teaching the alphabet would ___ (Learning Goal 4)
I. have the children recite the alphabet three times a day every day.
II. use music to teach the alphabet.
III. use animal names and shapes to teach the alphabet.
IV. use the sandbox to let children draw the letters of the alphabet.

Back 29

II, III and IV

Front 30

According to David Elkind, preschool:

Back 30

education should not begin until the child is socially mature.

Front 31

Project Head Start was designed to:

Back 31

provide low-income children a chance to acquire skills that would help them succeed at school.

Front 32

Day care for American children:

Back 32

varies extensively.

Front 33

In his research concerning the effects of child care on children, Kagan has found in the experimental program at Harvard that:

Back 33

day care had no observed adverse effects.