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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Social Clock
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Refers to the idea that the stages of life, and the behaviors "appropriate" to them, are set by social standards rather than by biological maturation. for instance, "middle age" begins when the culture believes it does, rather than at a particular age in all cultures.
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Midlife Crisis
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A period of unusual anxiety, radical reexamination, and sudden transformation that is widely associated with middle age but which actually has more to do with developmental history than with chronological age.
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Big Five
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The five basic clusters of personality traits that remain quite stable throughout adulthood: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.
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Ecological Niche
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The particular lifestyle and social context adults settle into that are compatible with their individual personality needs and interests.
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Gender Convergence
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The tendency for men and women to become more similar as they move through middle age.
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Social Convoy
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Collectively, that family members, friends, acquaintances, and even strangers who move through life with an individual.
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Allostatic Load
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The total, combined burden of stress and disease that an individual must cope with.
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Linked Lives
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The notion that family members tend to share all aspects of each others lives, from triumph to tragedy.
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Household
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A group of people who live together in one dwelling and share its common spaces, such as kitchen and living room.
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Familism
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The idea that family members should support one another because family unity is more important than individual freedom and success or failure.
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Fictive Kin
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A term used to describe someone who becomes accepted as part of a family to whom he or she has no blood relation.
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Empty Nest
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The time in the lives of parents when their grown children leave the family home to pursue their own lives.
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Kinkeeper
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The person who takes primary responsibility for celebrating family achievements, gathering the family together, and keeping in touch with family members who do not live nearby.
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Sandwich Generation
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A term for the generation of middle-aged people who are supposedly "squeezed" by the needs of the younger and older generations. Some adults do feel pressured by these obligations, but most are not burdened by them, either because they enjoy fulfilling them or because they choose to take on only some of them, or none.
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Extrinsic Rewards of Work
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The tangible rewards, usually in forms of compensation, that one receives for a job (e.g. salary, benefits, pension).
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Intrinsic Rewards of Work
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The intangible benefits on receives from a job (e.g. job satisfaction, self-esteem, pride) that come from within oneself.
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Describe the current views of the stages of adulthood first proposed by Erickson.
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Erickson originally envisioned all 8 of his stages in sequence, though in adulthood it is found that Intimacy versus Isolation and Generativity versus Stagnation are not age dependent. The social clock is more important than the biological clock with these stages.
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Explain how the social clock becomes more important than the biological clock during adulthood.
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Many non-biological factors make one's adult body and brain age more quickly or more slowly than other people of the same age. The social clock guides adult social expectations for behavior, based on culture, cohort, and SES.
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What personality traits remain stable throughout adulthood?
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1) Openness - imaginative, curious, artistic, creative, open to new experiences
2) Conscientiousness - organized, deliberate, conforming, self-disciplines 3) Extroversion - outgoing, assertive, active 4) Agreeableness - kind, helpful, easygoing, generous 5) Neuroticismm - anxious, moody, self-punishing, critical |
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Explain the tendency toward gender role convergence during middle age.
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The underlying personality traits are equal among sexes, but are expressed differently based upon social expectations (men to be aggressive and women to be more nurturing). As people age, they are more free to express their natural personality traits, versus the traits society expects from their gender.
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What are the problems with the concept of the midlife crisis.
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People quit jobs and abandon spouses at all ages. The study that labeled the midlife crisis was more a result of history and not age.
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How can the need for intimacy be met during adulthood.
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1) Friendship
2) Family Bonds - parents, siblings 3) Romantic Partnerships - marriage, partners |
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How can the need for generativity be met during adulthood.
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1) Caregiving - partners, children & parents
2) Creative work 3) Employment |
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Name the 4 stages of psychosocial development Erickson that take place during adulthood.
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1) Identity versus Role Diffusion
2) Intimacy versus Isolation 3) Generativity versus Stagnation 4) Integrity versus Despair |
