• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/26

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

26 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Intimacy Versus Isolation
The sixth of Erickson's eight stages of development. Adults seek someone with whom to share their lives in an enduring and self-sacrificing commitment. Without such commitment, they risk profound aloneness and isolation.
Gateways to Attraction
The various qualities, such as appearance and proximity, that are prerequisites for the formation of close friendships and intimate relationships.
Exclusion Criteria
A person's reasons for omitting certain people from consideration as close friends or romantic partners. This varies from one individual to another, but they are strong filters.
Cohabitation
An arrangment in which a man and a woman live together in a committed sexual relationship but are not formally married.
Homogamy
Defined by developmentalists as marriage between individuals who tend to be similar with respect to such variables as attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic, background, and local origin.
Heterogamy
Defined by developmentalists as marriage between individuals who tend to be dissimilar with respect to such variables as attitudes, interests, goals, socioeconomic status, religion, ethnic background, and local origin.
Social Homogamy
The similarity of a couple's leisure interests and role preferences.
Social Exchange Theory
The view that social behavior is a process of exchange aimed at maximizing the benefits one receives and minimizing the costs one pays.
Common Couple Violence
A form of abuse in which one or both partners of a couple engage in outbursts of verbal and physical attack. (Also called situational couple violence).
Intimate Terrorism
Spouse abuse in which, most often, the husband uses violent methods of accelerating intensity to isolate, degrade, and punish the wife.
Linked Lives
The notion that family members tend to share all aspects of each other's lives, from triumph to tragedy.
Diathesis-stress Model
The view that mental disorders, such as schizophrenia, are produced by the interaction of a genetic vulnerability (the diathesis) with stressful environmental factors and life events.
Hikikomori
A Japanese word meaning "pull away", common anxiety disorder in Japan in which emerging adults refuse to leave their rooms.
What are the psychosocial theories of adulthood as described by Erickson?
1) Trust vs mistrust - hope or withdrawal - suspicious of others, making close relationships difficult
2) Autonomy vs shame and doubt - will or compulsion - obesessively driven, single-minded, not socially responsive
3) Initiative vs guilt - purpose or inhibition - fearful, regreful (e.g. very homesick in college)
4) Industry vs inferiority - competence or inertia - self-critical or any eadeavor, procrastinating, perfectionistic
5) Identity vs role diffusion - fidelity or repudiation - uncertain and negative about values, lifestyle, friendships
6) Intimacy vs isolation - love or exclusivity - anxious about close relationships, jealous, lonely
7) Generativity vs stagnation - care or rejectivity - fear of failure in the future
8) Integrity vs despair - wisdom or disdain - no 'mindfulness', no life plan
How does the social clock influence the timing of important events during early adulthood?
Identity formation begins at puberty but continues past emerging adulthood for most.
Ethnic identity and vocational identity are almost impossible to achieve during adulescence.
What are the primary human relationships that meet the adult need for intimacy?
1) Friendships
2) Romantic relationships
3) Family
What are the 4 gateways to attraction?
1) physical attractiveness
2) apparent availability (willingness to talk and do thing together)
3) frequent exposure
4) absence of exclusion criteria (no unacceptable characteristics)
What is the relationship between love and marriage?
1) in about 1/3 of all nations, love does not lead to marriage because parents arrange marriages
2) 1/3 of all nations, people fall in love and then decide to marry with the young man asking the young woman's father for "her hand in marraige" - young people start the process, but parental blessing is desired
3) most North American and Europeans are expected to fall in love several times but not marry until they are able, financially and emotionally, to be independent of their parents
What are the 3 dimensions of love?
1) Passion - early in relationship; an intense physical, cognitive, and emotional onslaught characterized by excitement, exstacy, and euphoria
2) Intimacy - takes some time and is reciprocal; knowing someone well and sharing secrets as well as sex
3) Committment - takes time as it grows gradually; decisions to be together, mutual carefiving, shared possession, forgiveness
What dimension of love comes first?
It can be passion or intimacy - friends before sex or sex first and then friendship
What are Sternberg's 7 Forms of love?
1) Liking
2) Infatuation
3) Empty love
4) Romantic love
5) Fatuous love
6) Compasionate love
7) Consummate love
What is the highest degree of love that encompasses passion, intimacy, and commitment?
Consummate love
What has research learned about cohabitation's effects on marriage?
1) Cohabitants tend to be younger, poorer, and more likely to end their relationship than married couples - even when the relationship is actually quite satisfying
2) Domestic violence is more common among cohabiting couples than among married couples
3) Cohabitants are 9 times more likely to kill their partner than married couples
What makes relationships work?
1) age - intimacy is difficult to establish until identity is secure, which often isn't secure until after emerging adulthood
2) Good communication
3) Children growing up (newborns and adolescents increase marital distress)
4) lack of or end of addiction or illness
5) Compatibility - homogamy in education, cohort, religion, SES, ethnicity, interests, attitudes, goals
6) agreeing on roles (i.e. housework)
7) equity and social exchange theory
What is one pattern that is a consistent characteristic of ailing marriages?
A destructive pattern of interaction called demand/withraw - one partner insists and the other retreats
What are some causes of domestic violence?
1) youth
2) poverty
3) personality such as poor impulse control
4) mental illness such as antisocial disorders
5) drug and alcohol addiction
6) having experienced harsh punishment, sexual abuse, or witness domestic assualt growing up