Life-Span Development

Front 1

What are the four criteria for postformal thought?

Back 1

*shifting gears
*multiple causality, multiple solutions
*pragmatism
*Awareness of a Paradox

Front 2

Postformal Thought

Back 2

mature type of thinking which relies on subjective experience and intuition

Front 3

Postformal thought Criteria:

Shifting Gears

Back 3

Ability to shift back and forth between abstract and the practical

Front 4

Postformal thought criteria:

Multiple Causality, multiple solutions

Back 4

Awareness that most problems have more than one cause and more than one solution, with some solutions more likely than others

Front 5

Postformal thought criteria:

Pragmatism

Back 5

The ability to choose the best of several possible solutions and recognize the criteria for choosing.

Front 6

Criteria of Postformal thought:

Awareness of Paradox

Back 6

Recognition that a problem or solution involves inherent conflict.

Front 7

How many stages are in Schaie's Model of Cognitive development?

Back 7

seven

Front 8

List the stages of Schaie's Model of Cognitive development.

Back 8

Acquisitive Stage
Achieving Stage
Responsible Stage
Executive Stage
Re-organizational Stage
Legacy creating Stage
Re-integrative Stage

Front 9

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Acquisitive Stage

Back 9

First stage- where children and adolescents learn information and skills largely for their own sake or as a preparation for participation in society.

Front 10

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Achieving Stage

Back 10

Second stage- young adults use knowledge to gain competence and independence.

Front 11

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Responsible Stage

Back 11

Third stage- middle-aged people are concerned with long range goals and practical problems related to their responsibility for others.

Front 12

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Executive Stage

Back 12

Forth Stage- middle aged people responsible for social systems deal with complex relationships on several levels.

Front 13

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Re-organizational Stage

Back 13

Fifth Stage- Adults entering retirement reorganize their lives around network related activities.

Front 14

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Re-integrative Stage

Back 14

Sixth Stage- Older adults choose to focus limited energy on tasks that have meaning to them.

Front 15

Schaie's Model of Cognitive development:
Describe-

Legacy-Creating Stage

Back 15

Seventh Stage- Very old people prepare for death by recording their life stories, distributing possessions and the like.

Front 16

Define Emotional Intelligence

Back 16

The ability to understand and regulate emotions

Front 17

List the four competencies related to Emotional Intelligence.

Back 17

Self-Awareness
Self-Management
Social Awareness
Relationship Management

Front 18

Emotional Intelligence:
Describe-

Self-Awarness

Back 18

A person is aware of emotions and is self confident and accurate assessor of self.

Front 19

Emotional Intelligence:
Describe-

Self-Management

Back 19

A person has self control, adaptability, and a drive to achieve among other qualities.

Front 20

Emotional Intelligence:
Describe-

Social Awareness

Back 20

A person has empathy and is oriented toward helping others.

Front 21

Emotional Intelligence:
Describe-

Relationship Management

Back 21

A person can develop others, exert influence,communicate effectively, and be a good leader.

Front 22

Describe Erik Erikson's Sixth stage of Development, Intimacy versus Isolation and the virtue of love.

Back 22

Young adults need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships and love, while failure leads to a sense of loneliness and isolation.

Front 23

List the Five Factors of Costa and McCrae's Model.

Back 23

Neuroticism
Extraversion
Open to Experience
Conscientiousness
Agreeable

Front 24

Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model:
Describe-

Neurotiscism

Back 24

six negative traits indicating emotional instability including anxiety, hostility, depression, self-consciousness, impulsiveness and vulnerability.

Front 25

Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model:
Describe-

Extraversion

Back 25

Six facets including warmth, gregariousness, assertiveness, activity, excitement-seeking, and positive emotions.

Front 26

Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model:
Describe-

Open to Experience

Back 26

People high in this trait are willing to try new things and embrace new ideas.

Front 27

Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model:
Describe-

Conscientiousness

Back 27

People high in this trait are achievers; competent, orderly, dutiful, deliberate and disciplined.

Front 28

Costa and McCrae's Five Factor Model:
Describe-

Agreeable

Back 28

People who are trusting, straightforward, altruistic, compliant, modest and easily swayed.

Front 29

What are the three elements of Sternberg's Triangular theory of love?

Back 29

Passion
Intimacy
Commitment

Front 30

List the four types of love according to Sternberg.

Back 30

Infatuation
Affectionate
Fatuous
Consummate

Front 31

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Passion

Back 31

physical and sexual attraction to another

Front 32

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Intimacy

Back 32

emotional feelings of warmth, closeness and sharing in a relationship.

Front 33

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Commitment

Back 33

The cognitive appraisal of the relationship and the intent to maintain the relationship even in the face of problems.

Front 34

What is the basic theology of Sternberg's Triangular theory of love?

Back 34

The different types of love are achieved by different combinations of the three elements passion, intimacy and commitment.

Front 35

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Infatuation

Back 35

Relationship with only passion no intimacy or commitment.

Front 36

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Affectionate love

Back 36

A relationship with both intimacy and commitment but lacking passion.

Front 37

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Fatuous love

Back 37

A relationship with both passion and commitment but lacking intimacy.

Front 38

Sternberg's Triangular theory of love:
Describe-

Consummate love

Back 38

The fullest and strongest love. A relationship with all three elements; passion, intimacy and commitment.

Front 39

Define "coming out" in the homosexual sense.

Back 39

The voluntary public announcement of sexual orientation,sexual attraction, or gender identity.

Front 40

List the four stages of coming out.

Back 40

*Recognition of being a homosexual
*Getting to know other people who are homosexual
*Telling family and friends
*Complete openess

Front 41

List the five areas where age related visual problems occur.

Back 41

*near vision
*Dynamic vision (reading moving signs)
*Sensitivity to light
*Visual search (locating sign)
*speed of processing

Front 42

Describe Perimenopause.

Back 42

Period of time lasting an average of 10 years usually occurring during the forties where transition from normal menstrual cycle to menopause occurs.

Front 43

Describe Menopause

Back 43

Menstrual cycle ceases, dramatic decline in production of estrogen from ovaries causing symptoms such as; hot flashes, nausea, fatigue and rapid heartbeat.

Front 44

Describe Fluid intelligence.

Back 44

Proposed by Horn and Cattell

applied to novel problems and is relatively independent of educational and cultural influences

Front 45

Describe Crystallized intelligence.

Back 45

Proposed by Horn and Cattell

The ability to remember and use learned information; it is largely dependent on education and cultural background.

Front 46

Describe an age-differentiated society.

Back 46

Life structure in which primary roles- learning, working and leisure- are based on age. Typical in industrialized societies.

Front 47

Describe an age-integrated society.

Back 47

Life structure in which primary roles- learning, working and leisure- are open to adults of all ages and can be interspersed throughout the life span.

Front 48

What is the difference between an age-differentiated society and an age-integrated society?

Back 48

In an age-differentiated society the age of an adult indicates which role of life they should partake in while in an age-integrated society an adult may partake in any role at any time during their life.

Front 49

Describe Erikson's seventh stage; middle adulthood and its developmental task of generativity versus stagnation and the virtue of care.

Back 49

Adults need to create and nurture things that will outlast them; children for example and develop a widening commitment to take care of others. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment failure leads to shallow involvement in the world.

Front 50

List Kotre's four form of generativity.

Back 50

Biological
Parental
Technical
Cultural

Front 51

Kotre's Four Forms of Generativity:
Describe-

Biological form

Back 51

Conceiving and bearing children.

Front 52

Kotre's Four Forms of Generativity:
Describe-

Parental

Back 52

Nurturing and raising children

Front 53

Kotre's Four Forms of Generativity:
Describe-

Technical

Back 53

Teaching skills to apprentices

Front 54

Kotre's Four Forms of Generativity:
Describe-

Cultural

Back 54

Transmitting cultural values and institutions

Front 55

Describe the theory of midlife crisis.

Back 55

stressful life period precipitated by the review and reevaluation of ones past, typically occurring in early to middle forties.

Front 56

Describe the theory of midlife review.

Back 56

Introspective examination that often occurs in middle age, leading to reappraisal and revison of values and priorities.

Front 57

List the five types of familial relationships

Back 57

Tight-knit
Sociable
Obligatory
Detached
Intimate but distant

Front 58

Types of familial relationships:
Describe-

Tight-Knit

Back 58

Intergenerational families in which the members live physically close and are emotionally close.

Front 59

Types of familial relationships:
Describe-

Sociable

Back 59

Intergenerational families in which there is less emotional affinity or commitment, although the members live physically close to one another.

Front 60

Types of familial relationships:
Describe-

Obligatory

Back 60

Intergenerational families in which there is a lot of interaction but little emotional attachment.

Front 61

Types of familial relationships:
Describe-

Detached

Back 61

Intergenerational families in which members are geographically and emotionally far away from each other.

Front 62

Types of familial relationships:
Describe-

Intimate but distant

Back 62

Intergenerational families in which members live far away from each other or spend little time with each other, but retain warm feelings.

Front 63

Describe the social convoy theory.

Back 63

Theory of aging proposed by Kahn and Antonucci, which holds that people move through life surrounded by concentric circles of intimate relationships for assistance, well-being, and social support. or varying degrees of closeness, on which people rely

Front 64

Define a social convoy.

Back 64

Circles of close friends and family members on whom people can rely for assistance, well-being, and social support, and to whom they also offer reciprocal care.

Front 65

Describe primary aging.

Back 65

Gradual inevitable process of bodily deterioration throughout the lifespan.

Front 66

Describe secondary aging.

Back 66

Aging processes that result from disease, bodily abuse and disuse and are usually avoidable.

Front 67

Define Ageism.

Back 67

Prejudice or discrimination against a person based on age.

Front 68

Define Life expectancy.

Back 68

Age to which a person is statistically likely to live to.

Front 69

Define Longevity.

Back 69

Length of an individuals life

Front 70

Define lifespan.

Back 70

The longest period that members of a species can live.

Front 71

Describe reserve capacity.

(aka organ reserve)

Back 71

Changes
Reserve capacity: Ability of body organs and systems to put forth four to ten times as much effort as usual under stress; also called organ reserve.

Front 72

What is Baltes' dual process model of cognitive function?

Back 72

Model of cognitive functioning in late adulthood, proposed by Baltes, which identifies and seeks to measure two dimensions of intelligence: mechanics and pragmatics.

Front 73

List the three components of Baltes' dual process model of cognitive function.

Back 73

mechanics of intelligence
pragmatics of intelligence
selective optimization with compensation

Front 74

Baltes' dual process model of cognitive function:
Describe-

Mechanics of intelligence

Back 74

The abilities to process information and solve problems, irrespective of content; the area of cognition where the is often an age-related decline

Front 75

Baltes' dual process model of cognitive function:
Describe-

Pragmatics of intelligence

Back 75

The dimension of intelligence that tends to grow with age and includes practical thinking, application of accumulated knowledge and skills, specialized expertise, professional productivity and wisdom.

Front 76

Baltes' dual process model of cognitive function:
Describe-

Selective optimization with compensation

Back 76

strategy for maintaining or enhancing overall cognitive functioning by using stronger abilities to compensate for those that have weakened.

Front 77

Describe Erikson's Final stage; ego integrity versus despair and the virtue of wisdom

Back 77

In the last stage of life an individual reflects back on their life and either feels pride and joy resulting in wisdom or guilt and regret resulting in despair.

Front 78

Describe the Cognitive-appraisal model of copying.

Back 78

Model of coping, proposed by Lazarus and Folkman, which holds that, on the basis of continuous appraisal of their relationship with the environment, people choose appropriate coping strategies to deal with situations that tax their normal resources.

Front 79

Describe problem-focused copying.

Back 79

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping strategy directed toward eliminating, managing, or improving a stressful situation.

Front 80

Describe emotion-focused copying.

Back 80

In the cognitive-appraisal model, coping strategy directed toward managing the emotional response to a stressful situation so as to lessen its physical or psychological impact; sometimes called palliative coping.

Front 81

Describe the disengagement theory of aging.

Back 81

Theory of aging, proposed by Cumming and Henry, which holds that successful aging is characterized by mutual withdrawal between the older person and society.

Front 82

List problems with the disengagement theory.

Back 82

disengaging in the final phase of life is not a positive action, more engagement and activity leads to greater life satisfaction.

Front 83

Describe hospice care.

Back 83

Warm, personal patient- and family-centered care for a person with a terminal illness.

Front 84

Describe palliative care.

Back 84

Care aimed at relieving pain and suffering and allowing the terminally ill to die in peace, comfort, and dignity.

Front 85

List Kubler-Ross' five stages of coming to terms with death.

Back 85

Denial
Anger
Bargaining for extra time
Depression
Acceptance

Front 86

Describe an advanced directive.

Back 86

A living will, documents describing the type of care wanted by the maker in the event of a terminal illness.