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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What % of the asymptomatic population may have abnormal LFTs |
17 % |
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What do LFTs give information on? |
- hepatocellular damage - impaired bile flow - damage to the bile ducts |
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What physiological condition can cause a raised alk phos |
Pregnancy |
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What gives a good indication of hepatocellular damage |
- ALT and AST - ALT is more specific |
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Why is ALT specific for hepatocellular damage |
Because it is concentrated in the hepatocytes rather than other tissues |
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What is the significance of ALT and AST in the blood stream |
They are intracellular enzymes and so their significant presence in the blood stream usually is an indication of hepatocellular damage |
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What is the presence of GGT in the circulation inidiative of |
It mainly originates from the liver |
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What can cause an elevation of alk phos |
Liver and bone disease |
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Where is ALP manufactured |
From cells lining the bile duct |
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What indicates hepatocellular damage |
raised ALT / AST |
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What is a cholestatic picture of abnormal liver function test |
GGT and ALP rise |
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What is defined as a mild rise in ALT/AST |
< 5 times the upper limit of normal |
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What is the management of mildly elevated transaminases |
- stop offending drugs - alcohol abstinance - repeat test |
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What follow on tests should be performed in the presence of raised transaminases |
- iron studies - tests for viral hepatitis - autoantibodies |
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What is the significance of positive follow on tests |
Liver biopsy may need to be considered |
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What is the transaminase picture in alcoholic liver disease |
AST / ALT ratio is > 2 : 1 |
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Other indicators of alcoholic liver disease |
- raised GGT - normal ALP |
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What tests should be performed when autoimmune hepatitis is suspected |
- ANA (anti nuclear antibodies) - Antibodies to smooth muscle - anti liver/kidney microsomal antibodies - antibodies for soluble liver antigen |
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What is cholestatic pattern of liver injury |
- raised GGT - rasied ALP |
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What are severe abnormalities of GGT/ALP associated with |
- PBC - Primary sclerosing cholangitis |
