Level 2 Sommelier Cards From Rob

Front 1

State the major wine regions of California.

Back 1

North Coast Central Coast South Coast Central Valley Sierra Foothills

Front 2

Define AVA.

Back 2

American Viticultural Area

Front 3

State what agency regulates the US wine industry.

Back 3

Department of Treasury Specifically the Tax and Trade Bureau or TTB. Prior to 2002 though it was under the BATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and Firearms)

Front 4

State the USA required percentage for varietal and AVA labeling

Back 4

Varietal = 75% AVA = 85%

Front 5

Name 3 AVAs in Napa County.

Back 5

Calistoga (pending)
Diamond Mountain
Howell Mountain
Spring Mountain
Chiles Valley
St. Helena
Rutherford
Oakville
Atlas Peak
Stag’s Leap
Mount Veeder
Oak Knoll
Los Carneros
Napa Valley
Wild Horse Valley

Front 6

Name 3 AVAs in Sonoma County.

Back 6

Northern Sonoma Alexander Valley Dry Creek Valley Knights Valley Russian River Valley Chalk Hill Rockpile County Green Valley Sonoma Coast Sonoma Valley Sonoma Mountain Los Carneros Bennett Valley

Front 7

Define Meritage. (Pronounced like Heritage with an M)

Back 7

A California Bordeaux blend. Though many that qualify don't use the term because they don't pay the fees required. (e.g. Opus One is called simply red wine)

Front 8

State a synonym for Fume Blanc

Back 8

Sauvignon Blanc

Front 9

State the origin of Zinfandel.

Back 9

Most likely Croatia. It is known as the following: Pimitivo in Italy Crljenak Kastelanski in Croatia

Front 10

Name the top 4 wine producing states in the USA.

Back 10

1. California 2. Washington 3. New York 4. Oregon

Front 11

Name 3 AVAs of Washington

Back 11

Columbia Valley* Columbia Gorge* Horse Heaven Hills Red Mountain Walla Walla Valley* Yakima Valley Puget Sound * = Area that crosses into Oregon as well

Front 12

Name 3 AVAs of Oregon.

Back 12

Columbia Valley Columbia Gorge Walla Walla Valley Willamette Valley Dundee Hills McMinville Ribbon Ridge Yamhill-Carlton District Southern Oregon Umpqua Valley Red Hill Douglas County Rogue Valley Applegate Valley

Front 13

State the % requirement for Varietal and AVA in Oregon

Back 13

Varietal - 90% AVA - 100% One Exception is Cabernet Sauvignon - 75%

Front 14

Name 1 AVA of New York.

Back 14

Finger Lakes Cayuga Lake Seneca Lake Niagara Escarpment Lake Erie Hudson River Region North Fork of Long Island The Hamptons, Long Island Long Island

Front 15

Name the state where winemaking started in the USA.

Back 15

New York State.

Front 16

Name 2 important wine regions of Canada.

Back 16

Niagara Peninsula Okanagan Valley

Front 17

Name the country where winemaking began on the American Continent.

Back 17

Mexico

Front 18

Name the region Casablanca is within and what wines the area is known for.

Back 18

Country: Chile Region: Aconcagua Grapes: It is known for whites from Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay

Front 19

Name the region Maipo is within and what wines the area is known for.

Back 19

Country: Chile Region: Valle Central Grapes: Mainly known for Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 20

State what is unique about the vines from Chile.

Back 20

Chile has never had phylloxera and as a result has ungrafted 100% vitis vinifera vines.

Front 21

Name the obscure Bordeaux varietal that is important in Chile

Back 21

Carmenere

Front 22

State the minimum labeling % for Varietal in Chile.

Back 22

75% Same goes for Region Name and Vintage

Front 23

Name the most important region of Argentina.

Back 23

Mendoza.

Front 24

Name the most important grape of Argentina.

Back 24

Malbec.

Front 25

Name the most important grape of Uruguay.

Back 25

Tannat.

Front 26

Name 2 wine regions on New Zealand's North Island.

Back 26

Auckland Waikato Gisborne Hawkes Bay Martinborough

Front 27

Name 2 wine regions on New Zealand's South Island.

Back 27

Nelson Marlborough Canterbury Otago

Front 28

Name the most famous region for Sauvignon Blanc. (New Zealand

Back 28

Marlborough

Front 29

Name the up and coming region for Pinot Noir in New Zealand.

Back 29

Martinborough

Front 30

State which island Hawkes Bay is on and what grapes it is known for.

Back 30

North Island (New Zealand) Grapes: Chardonnay Cabernet Sauvignon Cab Blends

Front 31

State why red wine grapes do well in some of the areas traditionally thought to be too cool for reds(New Zealand Specifically

Back 31

Many because of micro climates, although rain shadow and a lot of sunlight both add to the ability to grow red grapes.

Front 32

State what two grapes were crossed to create Pinotage

Back 32

Pinot Noir X Cinsault

Front 33

State the minimum % for Appelation labeling in South Africa.

Back 33

100%

Front 34

State the meaning of Cultivar.

Back 34

Varietal

Front 35

Describe Vin de Constance

Back 35

A sweet wine made from Muscat de Alexandria and Muscat de Frontignan It comes from Constantia from some of the oldest vineyards in South Africa.

Front 36

Expalin how KWV impacted South African wine quality.

Back 36

The KWV mandated prices and negatively affected the quality of the wines.

Front 37

State what event led to a boom for South African wines in the 1990s.

Back 37

The end of Apartheid.

Front 38

State what "WO" is an abbreviation for.

Back 38

Wine of Origin

Front 39

Name two WOs of the coastal region.

Back 39

Stellenbosch Paarl Swartland Tygerberg Tulbagh And the Wards: Constantia Durbanville

Front 40

Where is Walker Bay and what grapes is it known for?

Back 40

South Africa It is known for Pinot Noir and Chardonnay.

Front 41

State the minimum percent for varietal labeling in Australia

Back 41

85%

Front 42

State the signifigance of the grape order listed on Australian bottles.

Back 42

They are listed from highest percent to lowest by law.

Front 43

State the grape of Penfolds Grange.

Back 43

Shiraz

Front 44

Name 3 Australian States

Back 44

New South Whales Victoria Tasmania South Australia Western Australia Queensland

Front 45

Name the Australian Super-Zone

Back 45

South-Eastern AustraliaWhich includes: Victoria New South Whales Part of Queensland South Australia Tasmania

Front 46

Name Austalia's legal term for a wine region.

Back 46

G.I. or Geographical Indication

Front 47

State the local name for the soil of Coonawarra.

Back 47

Terra Rossa Soil or "Red Earth"

Front 48

Name a grape grown in both Cognac and Armagnac.

Back 48

Ugni Blanc Colombard Folle Blanche

Front 49

Name the best Cognac and Armagnac regions and why they are the best.

Back 49

Cognac: Grand Champagne, Petite Champagne and if its from both its called Grand Fine Champagne Armagnac: Bas Armagnac Best regions in both are the Chalkiest regions in their respective areas

Front 50

State the main labeling age terms for Cognac and Armagnac.

Back 50

3 Star or VS : Very Special : min 3 years5 Star or VSOP : Very Superiore Old Pale : Min 4 years Napolean or XO : Extra Old : Min 5 years

Front 51

Name the best region of Calvados.

Back 51

Pays d'Auge

Front 52

State the main flavoring ingredient in Gin.

Back 52

Juniper Berries

Front 53

State the source of sugar for the best Tequila.

Back 53

The sap from the Blue Agave.

Front 54

State the minimum sugar level in a liqueur.

Back 54

2.5%

Front 55

State a bitter liqueur suitable as an apertif or a digestive.

Back 55

Campari, Pernod, Fernet Branca, Dubonnet, Jagermeister, Cynar, and Lillet.

Front 56

Describe how cigar sizes are stated.

Back 56

By Length and ring size. I.E. 5 1/2 inches by 50 ring 50 ring would be 50/64 of a 1/4 inch

Front 57

State the ingredients allowed in the Bavarian Purity Law.

Back 57

Malted Barley Yeast Water Hops

Front 58

State the 2 main categories of beer.

Back 58

Ale: Made with top fermenting yeast Lager: Made with bottom fermenting yeast

Front 59

Name 2 styles of beer within each of the 2 main beer categories.

Back 59

Ale: Pale Ale Bitters Porters Stouts Wheat Lager: Pilsner Bock

Front 60

State the steps of beer production.

Back 60

Soak the barley in water until germination. Bake barley in kiln to stop germination. Yeast is added to cause fermentation creating alcohol and CO2. Hops is now added if bitter flavor is desired.

Front 61

Name the premium sake quality levels.

Back 61

Junmai-Sho: 30% polished Ginjo-Sho: 40% polished Daiginjo-Sho: 50% polished

Front 62

Define albemic.

Back 62

Pot Still.

Front 63

Name 2 scotch regions

Back 63

Highlands, Lowlands, and Islay.Islay is the strongest, and generally either Islay or Highlands is the best.

Front 64

Define Bourbon.

Back 64

Must be made from 51% or more corn. It is distelled in a pot still making it a distilled beer. Also it must be aged for 2 years in new american oak.

Front 65

Name an AOC for Rosé wine from Rhone or Provence.

Back 65

Best answer is Tavel, but the following do make rosés as well: Gigondas, Vacqueyras, Cotes du Rhone, Cotes du Rhone Villages, Lirac, Rasteau, and Muscat de Beaumes de Venise And these make rose in Provence: cotes du provence Bandol Les Beaux de Provence

Front 66

Name the Sub-Regions of Burgundy.

Back 66

Cote de Nuits Cote de Beaune Cote Chalonnaise Macconais Beaujolais Chablis(Though it is closer to champagne it is considered part of burgundy)

Front 67

Name the grape of Beaujolais.

Back 67

Gamay

Front 68

Name an AOC of the Loire similar to Sancerre.

Back 68

Pouilly-Fumé

Front 69

Name the best sub-region of Graves.

Back 69

Pessac-Leognan

Front 70

Define Sur Lie.

Back 70

Sur Lie or "On the Lies" is aging the wine on the dead yeast to create a premiere texture.

Front 71

Name the grape of Sancerre.

Back 71

Sauvignon Blanc

Front 72

State the difference between Northern and Southern Rhone red wines

Back 72

North: Single grape allowed Syrah(In some areas they do allow the addition of some white varietals)South: Blend of any of 23 grapes including Grenache, Mourvedre, and Syrah.

Front 73

Name an AOC for red wines from the Southern Rhone.

Back 73

Chateauneuf-du-Pape Gigondas Vacqueyras Cotes du Rhone Cotes du Rhone Villages Lirac Rasteau

Front 74

Define Vin Jaune

Back 74

Vin jaune (literally "yellow wine") is an unusual wine made in the Jura region of France. The wine is made from late harvest Savagnin grapes, an unusual local white variety. They are fermented slowly and then kept in small old oak casks. The casks are not topped up, unlike most wines, so an air gap appears above the wine due to evaporation. A film (flor) of yeast grows over the wine, protecting it partially from oxidation.

Front 75

Name the major white grape of Burgundy

Back 75

Chardonnay

Front 76

Name the AOC of Coulee de Serrant and Roche Aux Moines.

Back 76

Savennieres - Which makes wines from Chenin Blanc

Front 77

State the rough geographic location of Jura and Savoie.

Back 77

The French Alps near the Swiss border. East of Burgundy.

Front 78

Name the AOC used when dry white wines are made in Sauternes.

Back 78

Bordeaux AOC

Front 79

Define "Selection de Grains Noble"

Back 79

Dessert wines from botrytis fruit.

Front 80

Name the grape of Condrieu.

Back 80

Viognier

Front 81

State what the 2nd word is in most Cote D'Or village names.

Back 81

The grand cru vineyard within the village. (Ex: Gevery-Chambertin and Puligny-Montrachet)

Front 82

State the difference between Crozes-Hermitage and Hermitage.

Back 82

Crozes-Hermitage contains flat land with clay soils. Hermitage contains lots of slopes and a more granite soil.

Front 83

Name the major red grape of Burgundy.

Back 83

Pinot Noir.

Front 84

Name the most famous AOC of the Maconais

Back 84

Macon

Front 85

Define Marl soil

Back 85

A calcareous soil.

Front 86

Name the still wine regional AOC of Burgundy.

Back 86

Burgogne

Front 87

Name the most famous AOC of the Cote Chalonnaise.

Back 87

Mercurey

Front 88

Name the grape of Vouvray.

Back 88

Chenin-Blanc

Front 89

Name 1 Cru in Beaujolais

Back 89

Brouilly Chenas Chiroubles Cote de Brouilly Fleurie Julienas Morgon Moulin-A-Vent Regnie St. Amour

Front 90

State the main labeling difference between Alsace and the rest of France.

Back 90

In Alsace they label their wines by varietal whereas in the rest of France it is by a place name.

Front 91

State what is different about Corton and Musigny compared to the other Grand Cru of their respective districts.

Back 91

Corton is the only Grand Cru red wine in Cotes de Beaune which is normally known for whites. Musigny is the only Grand Cru white wine in Cotes de Nuits which is usually known for reds.

Front 92

State the production difference for Beaujolais Nouveau.

Back 92

Carbonic Maceration

Front 93

Name an AOC of the Loire that produces red wines from pinot noir.

Back 93

Reuilly Menetou-Salon Sancerre

Front 94

Define kimmeridgian soil

Back 94

A greyish limestone.

Front 95

Define "Negociant"

Back 95

A grape buyer. They buy grapes then produce wines.

Front 96

Name the four sub-regions of the Loire.

Back 96

Pays Nantais Anjou-Saumur Touraine Central Vineyards

Front 97

Name two AOCs of the Loire that produce red wines from cabernet franc

Back 97

Touraine Touraine-Amboise Chinon Bourgeil

Front 98

Define Terroir.

Back 98

Anything to do with a sense of place.

Front 99

State the AOCs of Alsace.

Back 99

Cremant de Alsace Alsace Alsace Grand Cru

Front 100

Name the portion of the Cote D'Or best known for whites

Back 100

Cote de Beaune

Front 101

Name the portion of the Cote D'Or best known for reds.

Back 101

Cote de Nuits

Front 102

Name the rough geographic location of Languedoc and Roussillon

Back 102

Between the Meditteranean and the Pyrnees.

Front 103

Name the famous sparklig wine of the Languedoc.

Back 103

Cremant de Limoux

Front 104

Name the AOC for Sauvignon Blanc in Burgundy

Back 104

St. Bris Formerly Sauvignon de St. Bris

Front 105

Name 3 sub-regions of Bordeaux

Back 105

Medoc Graves Entre Deaux Mers

Front 106

Name a vin doux naturel

Back 106

Banyuls Banyuls Grand Cru Maury Muscat de Rivesaltes Rivesaltes Muscat de Beaumes de Venise Rasteau

Front 107

State the grapes of Bourgogne Passe tout Grains.

Back 107

Pinot Noir and up to 1/3 Gamay.

Front 108

State the regional AOC for the Rhone.

Back 108

Cotes du Rhone

Front 109

Name a fortified wine from the Rhone.

Back 109

Muscat de Beaumes de Venise Rasteau

Front 110

Name two AOCs for sweet wine in Bordeaux.

Back 110

Loupiac Ste-Croix-Du-Mont Cadillac Sauternes Barsac Cerons

Front 111

Name the sparkling wine of Burgundy.

Back 111

Cremant de Bourgogne

Front 112

Name a sub-region of Bordeaux with a classification for whites

Back 112

Graves and Sauternes.

Front 113

Name a synonym for Muscadet.

Back 113

Melon de Bourgogne and Gamay Blanc

Front 114

Name any 1 white Grand Cru vineyard in Burgundy.

Back 114

Any of the following work: Chablis: Blanchot Bougros Les Clos Grenouilles La Montonne Les Preuses Valmur Vandesir Cotes de Nuits: Musigny Cotes de Beaune: Le Montrachet Corton-Charlemagne Corton Bâtard-Montrachet Bienvenues-Bâtard-Montrachet Criots-Bâtard-Montrachet Chevelier-Montrachet

Front 115

Name the lone Premiere Grand Cru of Sauternes.

Back 115

Chateau d'Yquem

Front 116

Define Vendage Tardive.

Back 116

Late Harvest.

Front 117

State the Noble Grapes of Alsace.

Back 117

Riesling Gewurztraminer Pinot Gris (Tokay d'Alsace) Muscat Sylvaner (only from one vineyard - Zoztenburg)

Front 118

Name the grape of cahors

Back 118

malbec

Front 119

Name the important white grapes of Bordeaux.

Back 119

Semillon Sauvignon Blanc Muscadelle

Front 120

State the quality levels of french wine.

Back 120

Vin de Table Vin de Pays VDQS AOC

Front 121

Name the best soil in chablis

Back 121

Kimmeridgian soil and chalk.

Front 122

Name a sparkling wine AOC of the Loire.

Back 122

Cremant de Loire Rose de Loire Vouvray Mousseaux

Front 123

What is the viticultural key to the best sweet wines of Bordeaux

Back 123

Botrytis or "Noble Rot"

Front 124

State what major wine regions surround Sudouest(South-West).

Back 124

Bordeaux to the north. Spain to the south. Languedoc-Roussilon to the east. Rhone also to the east.

Front 125

Name the dominant grape for left bank reds.

Back 125

Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 126

Name the dominant grape(s) for right bank reds.

Back 126

Cabernet Franc or Merlot

Front 127

Name the red varietals allowed in Bordeaux.

Back 127

Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Merlot, Petit Verdot, Malbec, and for bonus points Carmenere.

Front 128

Name two most important AOCs of the right bank.

Back 128

Pomerol and St. Emilion

Front 129

Name the top category within the Cru Bourgeois.

Back 129

Crus Bourgeois Exceptionnel

Front 130

Name the 1st growths of the Medoc.

Back 130

Chateau Lafite Rothschild Chateau Latour Chateau Margaux Chateau Mouton Rothschild Chateau Haut-Brion

Front 131

Name three communes in the Medoc.

Back 131

St. Estephe St. Julien Margaux Pauillac and the less important Listrac

Front 132

Describe the classification of Pomerol.

Back 132

There is none.

Front 133

Name the grapes of Champagne

Back 133

Chardonnay Pinot Noir Pinot Meunier

Front 134

Define Methode Traditionelle

Back 134

2nd fermentation in this bottle Meaning the 2nd fermentation takes place in the bottle that is sold to you.

Front 135

Define Riddling

Back 135

Riddling is the process of turning the bottles sharply and slowly increasing their downward angle to make the lies and sediment pool in the neck of the bottle.

Front 136

State the difference between Extra Brut and Extra Dry

Back 136

Extra Brut has no sugar added during dosage. Extra Dry is a sweeter level taht was created for marketing to US and English customers.

Front 137

Define Tete de Cuvee

Back 137

It is the producers best blend in Champagne.

Front 138

State the minimum sur lie aging for NV Champagne.

Back 138

18 months

Front 139

State the minimum sur lie aging for Vintage Champagne.

Back 139

3 years

Front 140

Define the term for adding sugar just prior to corking.

Back 140

Dossage.

Front 141

Define Blanc de Noirs

Back 141

White of Darks meaning Black grapes only so the champagne therefore contains only pinot noir or pinot meunier

Front 142

Define Blanc de Blancs

Back 142

White of Whites meaning white grapes only.

Front 143

Name the Premier Cru of the Coteaux du Layon.

Back 143

Coteaux du Layon - Chaume Appelation Chaume Premier Cru Controlee is how it reads on a label It is a sweet wine made from Chenin Blanc Grapes.

Front 144

Name an AOC in Loire known for sweet wines besides Vouvray.

Back 144

Coteaux du Layon Chaume Coteaux du Layon

Front 145

Define Moelleaux.

Back 145

Botrytis.

Front 146

What is the soil in Champagne

Back 146

Chalky Soils.

Front 147

Name 2 white grapes of Austria.

Back 147

Gruner Veltliner Riesling Sauvignon Blanc Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris) Scheurebe Chardonnay Muller-Thurgau

Front 148

Name 2 red grapes of Austria.

Back 148

Zweigelt Blaufrankisch (Lemberger) St. Laurent Blauburgunder (Pinot Noir) Blauer Portugieser Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 149

Name 2 regions of Austria.

Back 149

Most Important regions: Wachau Kremstal Other regions: Kamptal Traisental Donauland Thermenregion Neuisedlersee-Hugelland Wien Wienviertel Carnuntum Weinbaugebiet Neusiedlersee Mittelbugenland Sudburgenland

Front 150

Define Ausbruch.

Back 150

A sweet botrytis wine that has a sugar level between Beerenauslese and Eiswein.Made in Austria.

Front 151

Describe the style of Eger & name 2 grapes.

Back 151

A Dark red wine from Hungary Grapes: Kadarka Kekfrankos Cabernet Franc Cabernet Sauvignon Kekoporto Merlot

Front 152

Name 2 grapes of Tokaji.

Back 152

Furmint Harslevlu Muskatoly (Muscat Ottonel) Oremus

Front 153

Define Puttonyos.

Back 153

A 30 Liter Barrel/Scoop. Defines sweetness of a Tokaji based on the number of Puttonyos added to the dry must to create the sweet wine. This ranges from 3 Puttonyos to 6 Puttonyos.

Front 154

Define Aszu Eszencia.

Back 154

Means Essence and is the Sweetest style of Tokaji you can have.

Front 155

Define anbaugebiete and name 4 of them.

Back 155

Regions of Germany. Mosel-Saar-Ruwer Rheingau Rheinhessen Pfalz Ahr Valley Nahe Franken Mittelrhein Baden Wurttemberg Hessische Bergtrasse Saal-Unstrut Sachsen

Front 156

State the 4 quality levels of German wine.

Back 156

Tafelwein - Table Wine Landwein - Regional Wine QbA - Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbaugebiete QmP - Qualitatswein mit Pradikat

Front 157

State the 6 Pradikat levels for QmP wines from driest to sweetest.

Back 157

Kabinett Spatlese Auslese Beerenauslese (BA) Eiswein Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA)

Front 158

Define Erstes Gewachs.

Back 158

1st Growth

Front 159

Define Halbtrocken and Trocken.

Back 159

Half Dry and Dry

Front 160

Define Sekt.

Back 160

Sparkling Wine

Front 161

Define Suss Reserve.

Back 161

Sterilized grape juice used to sweeten wines

Front 162

State why wine can be made at 51deg latitude & how they differ from Alsace.

Back 162

Due to rivers and planting on South Facing slopes to maximize sunlight. They are generally sweeter and less alcoholic than wines from Alsace.

Front 163

State the grape that Spätburgunder is a synonym for

Back 163

Pinot Noir

Front 164

State the grape that Weissburgunder is a synonym for

Back 164

Pinot Blanc

Front 165

State the grape that Grauburgunder is a synonym for

Back 165

Pinot Gris

Front 166

Define Müller-Thurgau

Back 166

A Riesling X Chasselas Cross

Front 167

Define Liebfraumilch and state where it is commonly found.

Back 167

(Means Milk of our Lady) Cheap fruity blended wines from Rheinhessen and Pfalz

Front 168

Define Bocksbeutel and state where it is commonly found.

Back 168

A Pear/Flask shaped bottel used in the Franken region of Germany.

Front 169

Define edelfaule.

Back 169

Noble Rot or Botrytis

Front 170

Name any 1 anbaugebiete that is important for red wines.

Back 170

Rheingau Ahr Valley Baden Wurttemberg

Front 171

Name 3 important grapes in Port.

Back 171

Red Port:Touriga Nacional Touriga Francesa Tinta Cao Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) Tinta Baraco Bastardo White Port:Arinto Codega Malvasia Fino Malvasia Corada Robigato Voshino

Front 172

Name the cities where port has historically been aged.

Back 172

Oporto or Villa Nova de Gaia

Front 173

Describe the difference between Vintage and Tawny Port.

Back 173

Vintage port is aged for 2 years exactly in oak where as Tawny port must be aged a minimum of 7 years in oak, also Tawny is generally a blend of multiple years where as vintage is from only one.

Front 174

Define Lagar.

Back 174

A rectangular trough used to stomp the grapes by foot in the Port making process.

Front 175

Name the 4 most important grapes of Madeira.

Back 175

Sercial Verdelho Bual (Boal) Malmsey Other less important grapes Terrantez Bastardo Tinta Negra Mole Moscatel

Front 176

Describe the Estufagem process.

Back 176

Process of heating the wine in large vessels at 120degrees for approx 6-12 months.

Front 177

Define Rainwater Madeira.

Back 177

A soft Verdelho-style created in the 18th century.

Front 178

What is a Pipe?

Back 178

A traditional Port cask holding 550 Liters.

Front 179

What is aguardente?

Back 179

A neutral grape brandy at 77% alcohol.

Front 180

Name the 6 quality levels of Spanish wine.

Back 180

Vino de Mesa (VdM) Vino de la Tierra (VdlT) Vino de Calidad con Indicacion Geographica (VCIG) Denominacion de Origen (DO) Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa) Denominacion de Pagos (DOP)

Front 181

Name 2 DOCa Regions.

Back 181

Rioja and Priorat.

Front 182

Define Grandes Pagos.

Back 182

A single estate wine.

Front 183

Name 2 red grapes and 2 white grapes of Rioja and Navarra.

Back 183

Red:Tempranillo Garnacha White: Viura (Macabeo) Malvasia Other Grapes:Red:Graciano Mazuelo (Carinena - Carignane)White:Garnacha Blanca

Front 184

Name the 3 sub-zones of Rioja.

Back 184

Rioja Alta Rioja Alavesa Rioja Baja

Front 185

State the aging requirements for Rioja Joven, Crianza, Reserva, and Gran Reserva.

Back 185

Joven - Max 2 years Crianza - Min 2 years (1 in barrel) Reserva - Min 3 years (1 in barrel) Gran Reserva - Min 5 years (2 in barrel)

Front 186

Name the principal town of Sherry.

Back 186

Jerez

Front 187

Name the grapes of Sherry.

Back 187

Palomino Pedro Ximenez (PX) Moscatel

Front 188

State what is character of Albariza soil.

Back 188

One of 3 soils used to produce Sherry grapes. A soil that retains water, but dries out on top and makes the roots dig down while protecting the water beneath from the heat keeping it from evaporating.

Front 189

Describe the Solera system.

Back 189

A fractional blending method to introduce older wine to younger wine year to year never exceeding 1/3 of a barrel.

Front 190

Name the main styles of Sherry.

Back 190

Fino, Manzanilla, Amantillado, Palo Cortado, Oloroso, Almancenistas, Cream Sherry.

Front 191

Define Flor.

Back 191

A yeast film that forms on the surface of the wine in the barrel.

Front 192

Name the most important grape(s) of Vinho Verde.

Back 192

Alvarinho and Loureiro

Front 193

Name the most important grape of Douro.

Back 193

Touriga Nacional Tinta Roriz (Tempranillo) Tinta Barroca

Front 194

Name the most important grape(s) of Priorat.

Back 194

Garnacha

Front 195

Describe the Gratalops Project.

Back 195

Alvaro Palacio and other young winemakers planted on higher elevations and slopes and modernized winemaking.

Front 196

Name Spain’s sparkling wine DO and the grapes.

Back 196

Cava Grapes: Parellada Xarel-lo Macabeo Chardonnay

Front 197

Name the most important grape(s) of Ribera del Duero.

Back 197

Tempranillo Garnacha Also some bordeaux varieties

Front 198

Name the grape that Tinto de Toro is a synonym of

Back 198

Tempranillo

Front 199

State the DO of Vega Sicilia.

Back 199

Ribera del Duero

Front 200

State the most important grape(s) of Rias Baixas.

Back 200

Albarino

Front 201

State the region and style of Txakoli DO.

Back 201

Colabria Light and Acidic Reds and Whites.

Front 202

Name the sparkling wine of Piedmont and its grape.

Back 202

Asti which is made from Moscato(Muscat) Bonus Info: The muscat grapes vary in color from white to orange to black and shades in between. Here in Asti they are white. Which is why locally it is known as Moscato Bianco or White Muscat.

Front 203

State the requirements of Barolo and Barolo Riserva.

Back 203

Barolo - 3 years in Barrel/Bottle Barolo Riserva - 5 years in Barrel/Bottle

Front 204

Describe Barolo Chinato.

Back 204

Barolo wine that has been aromatized with quinine. Also regared by many as the biggest joke of the DOCG system.

Front 205

Name two DOCG zones within Chianti.

Back 205

Chianti Chianti Classico Chianti Rufina Chianti Colli Fiorentini Chianti Colli Senesi Chianti Montalbano Chianti Colline Pisane Chianti Colli Aretini Chianti Montespertoli

Front 206

Name 1 of the DOCs created to include the Super Tuscans.

Back 206

Bolgheri Sant'Antimo

Front 207

Name Tuscany's only white DOCG.

Back 207

Vernaccia di San Gimignano

Front 208

State the production and style of Vin Santo.

Back 208

Vin Santo is made using Passito grapes which are grapes dried on straw mates and then must be aged a minimum of 3 years and up to 6 years in small wooden barrels.

Front 209

State the non-traditional grape of the 1st Super Tuscans.

Back 209

Cabernet Sauvignon

Front 210

State a red DOCG of Tuscany other than Chianti and name the grape.

Back 210

Brunello di Montalcino DOCG Grape: Brunello Carmignano DOCG Grape:Sangiovese with up to 10% Cabernet Sauvignon Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG Grape:Same as Chianti(Sangiovese, Merlot, and Syrah) Cabernet Sauvignon is NOT ALLOWED and can be 100% Sangiovese

Front 211

Name Italy’s only metodo tradizionale sparkling wine DOCG.

Back 211

Franciacorta DOCG

Front 212

Name Italy's 1st white DOCG.

Back 212

Albagna di Romagna DOCG

Front 213

Name the grapes of Valpolicella.

Back 213

Corvina Rondinella Molinara Negrara

Front 214

Name the main grape of Soave.

Back 214

Garganega

Front 215

State the 4 quality levels of Italian Wine.

Back 215

Vino da Tavola (VT) IGT DOC DOCG

Front 216

Describe the goria laws.

Back 216

Created in 1992 it is responsible for the IGT level which is used as a spring-board to DOC. Also, they tightened riserva rules as well as modifying some of the vineyard zones.

Front 217

Name the main grape of Valtellina.

Back 217

Nebbiolo

Front 218

Name 1 region of Italy where German grapes are common.

Back 218

Alto Adige Trentino

Front 219

State the grape of Gavi.

Back 219

Cortese.

Front 220

Name the most widely planted grape in Piedmont.

Back 220

Barbera.

Front 221

State the meaning of secco.

Back 221

Dry

Front 222

State the meaning of amabile.

Back 222

Semi-Sweet or Slightly sweet

Front 223

State the meaning of frizzante.

Back 223

Semi-Sparkling

Front 224

State the meaning of spumante.

Back 224

Sparkling

Front 225

State the meaning of passito.

Back 225

Grapes that are dried on straw mats to concentrate the flavors.

Front 226

State the meaning of dolce.

Back 226

Sweet

Front 227

How many wine regions are there in Italy and what are the 3 most famous.

Back 227

20. Most famous are Piedmont, Tuscany, and Veneto.

Front 228

Name the most important grape of Tuscany.

Back 228

Sangiovese

Front 229

State the meaning of Classico.

Back 229

The best area of a given region.

Front 230

State the type of wine typically made from Prosecco grape.

Back 230

Dry to slightly sweet Frizante.

Front 231

Name the grape(s) and style of Frascati DOC.

Back 231

Dry White made from Trebbiano and Malvasia.

Front 232

Name the grape(s) and style of Montepulciano d’Abbruzzo DOC.

Back 232

Dry Red made from Montepulciano grapes.

Front 233

Name the grape(s) and style of Fiano d’Avellino DOCG.

Back 233

Dry White made from the Fiano grape.

Front 234

Name the grape(s) and style of Taurasi DOCG.

Back 234

Dry Red made from the Aglianico grape.

Front 235

Name the grape of Apulia that has a USA connection.

Back 235

Primitivo (Zinfandel)

Front 236

Name the grape grown on Mt. Vulture in Basilicata

Back 236

Aglianico

Front 237

State the type of wine from Marsala DOC and where it is made.

Back 237

Fortified wine made in Sicily.

Front 238

Name the grape(s) and style of Vermentino di Gallura.

Back 238

Dry White from the Vermentino grape.

Front 239

State the difference between Amarone and Recioto.

Back 239

Both are made from passito grapes, but Amarone is dry while Recioto is Sweet.

Front 240

State the meaning of Ripasso.

Back 240

re-passed – the traditional winemaking technique in Veneto Young Valpolicella is put into tanks or barrels containing lees from the previous Amarone fermentation which Causes secondary fermentation and increases Alc% giving it a recioto feel.