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47 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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what percentage of leukocytes are marginated?
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90%
how many of those are mature and how many are blasts? how many are bands? |
95% mature
5% blasts no bands - don't marginate |
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what causes demargination of leukocytes?
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epinephrine and cortisol
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what causes pavementing of leukocytes
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selectins and integrins
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MCC of leukopenia?
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acute viral infection
drugs |
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MCD virus wiping out bone marrow?
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parvoB19
what are the others? |
hep E and C
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drugs that suppress bone marrow?
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ABCV
AZT Benzene Chloramphenicol Vinblastine |
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Drugs that cause agranulocytosis
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Carbamazapine
Ticlopidine Clozapine |
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which cell types will inc w/ stress demargination?
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WBC and neutrophils
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which cell types will inc w/ infection?
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WBC and bands
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which cell types will inc w/ leukomoid rxn
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WBC (a lot), LAP, blasts will be <5%
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which cell types will inc w/ leukemia
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WBC, blasts will be >5%
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cause of leukomoid rxn?
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extreme demargination
extreme stress |
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where does leukemia begin if it's acute?
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bone marrow
how will they present |
w/ bone pain! fever, night sweats, wt loss
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where does leukemia begin if its chronic
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periphery
how will they present? |
fever, night sweats, wt loss, NO bone pain!
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if see myeloblasts in leukemic pt, what does that mean?
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cancer started after cells matured
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tdt and PAS+ - how old is the pt?
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0-15 (ALL)
what else will be present and what will they die of? |
CALLA (common ALL Ag)
die of bacteria (pulmonary/UTI) |
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see auer rods - how old are they?
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15-30
translocation? |
15:17
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translocation 9:22 - how old are they?
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30-50
more common in males or females? |
females
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see diffuse lymphadenopathy - best prognosis of all leukemias - how old are they?
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>50
treatment? |
do nothing utnil WBC >100,000 and then use chlorambucil
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how will AML differ from promyeloblastic
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will have DIC
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which cell types will inc w/ leukemia
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WBC, blasts will be >5%
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cause of leukomoid rxn?
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extreme demargination
extreme stress |
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where does leukemia begin if it's acute?
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bone marrow
how will they present |
w/ bone pain! fever, night sweats, wt loss
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where does leukemia begin if its chronic
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periphery
how will they present? |
fever, night sweats, wt loss, NO bone pain!
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if see myeloblasts in leukemic pt, what does that mean?
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cancer started after cells matured
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tdt and PAS+ - how old is the pt?
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0-15 (ALL)
what else will be present and what will they die of? |
CALLA (common ALL Ag)
die of bacteria (pulmonary/UTI) |
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see auer rods - how old are they?
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15-30
translocation? |
15:17
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translocation 9:22 - how old are they?
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30-50
more common in males or females? |
females
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see diffuse lymphadenopathy - best prognosis of all leukemias - how old are they?
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>50
treatment? |
do nothing utnil WBC >100,000 and then use chlorambucil
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how will AML differ from promyeloblastic
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will have DIC
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most malignant lymph nodes?
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supraclavicular
epitrochlear inguinal |
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CD marker for hodgkins
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CD30
how old? |
20-40
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how does nonhodgkins present in US?
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abdominal mass
what about in poor countries? |
jaw mass
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MC nonhodgkins lymphoma
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follicular
translocation? |
14:18
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virus assoc w/ burkitt's lymphoma
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EBV
translocation? |
8:14
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enlarged lymph node w/ reid sternberg cells
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hodgkins
w/o? |
follicular
burkitts |
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hodgkins lymphoma more common in women and w/ the fewest reid sternberg cells
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nodular sclerosis
prognosis? |
intermediate
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hodgkins lymphoma w/ best prognosis
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lymphocyte predominant
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hodgkins lymphoma w/ worst prognosis
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lymphocyte depleted
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hodgkins lymphoma w/ lacunar cells and the most reid sternberg cells
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mixed lymphocytic/histiocytic
prognosis? |
intermediate
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hyperproliferative myelodysplastic syndromes?
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polycythemia rubra vera
essential thrombocythemia |
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hypoproliferative myelodysplastic syndromes?
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aplastic anemia
myelophistic anemia |
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pt comes in complaining of itching after she takes her showers - what is she at inc risk for?
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uric acid stones and gout
what things will be inc? |
all cell lines, esp RBC
LAP |
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MCC death in pt w/ polycythemia rubra vera?
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heart failure
due to what? |
inc viscosity
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what things are inc in essential thrombocythemia?
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all cell lines, but esp platelets
MCC death? |
HF due to inc viscosity
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see tear drop cells on peripheral smear - what does it mean?
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BM is destroyed and replaced by scarring
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MCC of myelofibrosis in kids? in adults?
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kids: ALL
adults: metastasis |
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