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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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transcription |
is the first step of gene expression, in which a particular segment of DNA is copied into RNA (mRNA) by the enzyme RNA polymerase. Both RNA and DNA are nucleic acids, which use base pairs of nucleotides as a complementary language.
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translation |
the creation of a protein using the bases in an RNA molecule as a template |
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RNA polymer |
an enzyme that adds RNA nucleotides to a new RNA molecule |
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messenger RNA(mRNA) |
an RNA molecule that carries instructions for the order of amino acids in a protein |
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promoter |
the sequence of DNA at the bedinning of genes |
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terminator |
the sequence of DNA that signals the end of transcription |
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RNA splicing |
the removal of introns from an mRNA strand |
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intron |
a part of mRNA that does not have protein-making instructions |
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exon |
a part of mRNA that has protein-making instruction |
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ribosomal RNA (rRNA) |
an RNA molecule found in ribosomes that positions mRNA during translation |
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transfer RNA (tRNA) |
an RNA molecule that bringsinaion acids during translation |
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genetic code |
a specific code used to tanslate base sequences in RNA into amino acid sequences in proteins |
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anti codon |
a complementary three-base sequence to the codon found in tRNA |
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mutation |
a change in the sequence of DNA |
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mutagen |
a physical or chemical material that cause changes in DNA |
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substitution |
a mutation in which one nucleotide base is replaced with another |
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deletion |
a mutation in which one or more nucleotide bases are removed from a DNA sequence |
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insertion |
a mutation in which one or more nucleotide bases are added to a DNA sequence |
