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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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behavioral medicine
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branch of medicine that emphasizes the effects of diet on health, smoking, exercise, stressful experiences and other behaviors
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stress
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the nonspecific response of the body to any demand made upon it
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general adaptation syndrome
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generalized response to stress
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cortisol
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hormone that enables the body to maintain prolonged alertness, fight infections, and heal wounds
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HPA axis
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(hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal cortex system in response to stress); activation of the hypothalamus induces the anterior pituitary gland to secrete ACTH, which stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol.
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ACTH
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Hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol, which enhances metabolic activity and elevates blood sugar levels and other nutrients
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immune system
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consists of cells that protect the body against such intruders as viruses and bacteria
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leukocyte (white blood cells)
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important elements of the immune system
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B cell
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type of leukocyte; creates antibodies in response to specific antigens
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antibody
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y shaped proteins that attach to particular kinds of antigens
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antigen
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surface proteins' antibody generator molecules
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T cell
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type of leukocyte that attack specific intruders directly
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natural killer cell
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type of leukocyte that attacks tumor cells and cells infected with viruses; nonspecifically attack all intruders
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cytokine
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small proteins that combat infections and communicate with the brain to elicit appropriate behaviors
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psychoneuroimmunology
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deals with the ways in which experiences, especially stressful ones, alter the immune system, and how the immune system in turn influences the central nervous system
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posttraumatic stress disorder
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conditions that occurs in people who have endured terrifying experiences such as a life threatening attack or watching someone else get killed; symptoms include frequent distressing recollections and nightmares about the traumatic events, avoidance of reminders of it, and exaggerated arousal in response to noises and other stimuli
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