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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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List the 2 processes involved in the formation of precipitation
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- Bergeron Effect
- Collision Process 304.1.1 |
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Describe the Bergeron Effect in terms of formation of precipitation
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- occurs at temps below 0C
- water droplets and ice crystals coexist - ice crystals grow at expense of water droplets - vapor evaporates off water droplets more easily than from ice crystals 304.1.2 |
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Describe the Collision Process in terms of formation of precipitation
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- temps above 0C
- variety of different sized condensation nuclei - large droplets form from large nuclei, small droplets from small nuclei - small droplets suspended by updrafts, while large droplets fall and collide with smaller ones 304.1.2 |
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List the terminology associated with the Collision Process
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Coalescence:
- collision between liquid Aggregation: - collision between solids Accretion: - collision of solid with liquid Fragmentation: - breakup of ice crystals or water droplets into smaller particles 304.1.2 |
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Describe the impact of stability on the character of precipitation
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Unstable air:
- showery Stable air: - continuous and intermittent 304.2.1 |
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Describe the impact of stability on the type of cloud
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Stable:
- stratiform cloud, continuous or intermittent precipitation Unstable: - cumuliform cloud, showery precipitation 304.2.2 |
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List the 3 factors that explain the intensity of precipitation
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- updraft strength
- cloud water content - cloud vertical thickness 304.3.1 |
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Describe updraft strength as a factor that explains intensity of precipitation
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- supports larger particles before they fall
- favors collision/fragmentation process - enhances Bergeron effect 304.3.2 |
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Describe cloud water content as a factor that explains intensity of precipitation
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- warmer temps hold more moisture
- moisture source important to water vapor available 304.3.2 |
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Describe cloud vertical thickness as a factor that explains intensity of precipitation
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- low cloud base means warmer lower layer means more moisture content
- high cloud top means colder air aloft allowing ice crystals/collision/Bergeron 304.3.2 |
