Lesson 12

Front 1

Metabolism

Back 1

when the cells of the body receive digested food and change it into other compounds which the body can use

Front 2

Anabolism

Back 2

the constructive phase of metabolism; the process by which simple substances are converted into complex substances and then into protoplasm

Front 3

Catabolism

Back 3

the destructive phase of metabolism; the process by which complex substances are converted into simpler substances, usually accompanied by the release of energy

Front 4

Deglutition

Back 4

swallowing a food bolus

Front 5

Pyrosis

Back 5

heart burn

Front 6

Peritoneum

Back 6

Serous membrane lining the abdominopelvic cavity

Front 7

Parietal peritoneum

Back 7

outer surface of the peritoneum

Front 8

Visceral peritoneum

Back 8

the inner surface of the peritoneum covering the organs

Front 9

Peritonitis

Back 9

inflammation of the peritoneum

Front 10

Mesentary

Back 10

double fold of the peritoneal membrane attached to the posterior wall of the body (mesogastrium, mesoduodenum)

Front 11

Omenta

Back 11

another double fold of the of the peritoneum which lies between the stomach and two other abdominal viscera (greater and lesser)

Front 12

Peristalsis

Back 12

the force that propels food through the digestive tract from the esophagus to the anus

Front 13

Duodenum

Back 13

the first of three divisions of the small intestine

Front 14

Jejunum

Back 14

the second division of the small intestine

Front 15

Ileum

Back 15

the third division of the small intestine

Front 16

Parts of the large intestine

Back 16

cecum, colon rectum

Front 17

Liver

Back 17

one of the vital organs of the body that produces bile that is released through the hepatic ducts to the gallbladder for storage

Front 18

Choledocholithiasis

Back 18

condition where stones block the common bile duct and can cause jaundice

Front 19

Cholangitis

Back 19

inflammation of the left or right hepatic ducts or the cystic duct

Front 20

Cholangiography or ultrasonography

Back 20

radiographic examination of either of the hepatic ducts or cystic duct

Front 21

Cholangiotomy

Back 21

surgery to remove stones in the gallbladder or common bile duct

Front 22

Choledochitis

Back 22

inflammation of the common bile duct

Front 23

Cholelithiasis

Back 23

gallstones in the gallbladder

Front 24

Choledochoenterostomy

Back 24

a surgical procedure to create a passage between the common bile duct and the small intestine

Front 25

Gastritis

Back 25

inflammation or erosion of the gastric mucosa

Front 26

bili-

Back 26

combining form
bile

Front 27

cardi-

Back 27

combining form
cardia (upper orifice of the stomach)

Front 28

cec-

Back 28

combining form
[blind] cecum

Front 29

cly(s)-

Back 29

combining form
rinse out, inject fluid

Front 30

copr-

Back 30

combining form
excrement, fecal matter

Front 31

creat-

Back 31

combining form
flesh

Front 32

-doch-

Back 32

combining form
duct

Front 33

duoden-

Back 33

combining form
duodenum

Front 34

esophag-

Back 34

combining form
esophagus

Front 35

fec-

Back 35

combining form
[sediment] excrement, fecal matter

Front 36

geus(t)-

Back 36

combining form
taste

Front 37

gingiv-

Back 37

combining form
gum (of the mouth)

Front 38

gloss-

Back 38

combining form
tongue

Front 39

ile-

Back 39

combining form
ileum

Front 40

jejun-

Back 40

combining form
[empty] jejunum

Front 41

lien-

Back 41

combining form
spleen

Front 42

lingu-

Back 42

combining form
tongue

Front 43

osm-

Back 43

combining form
sense of smell, odor

Front 44

osphr-

Back 44

combining form
sense of smell

Front 45

peps-
pept-

Back 45

combining form
digest

Front 46

proct-

Back 46

combining form
anus

Front 47

pyle-

Back 47

combining form
[gate] portal vein

Front 48

pylor-

Back 48

combining form
[gatekeeper] pylorus

Front 49

rect-

Back 49

combining form
[straight] rectum

Front 50

scat-

Back 50

combining form
excrement, fecal matter

Front 51

sial-

Back 51

combining form
saliva, salivary duct

Front 52

sigm-

Back 52

combining form
[sigma] sigmoid colon

Front 53

sphincter-

Back 53

combining form
sphincter muscle

Front 54

splanchn-

Back 54

combining form
internal organ, viscus

Front 55

typhl-

Back 55

combining form
[blind] cecum

Front 56

zym-

Back 56

combining form
[leaven] ferment, enzyme, fermentation

Front 57

Salmonella

Back 57

a form of gastroenteritis that is produced by the ingestion of food containing one or more of the Salmonella organisms

Front 58

Diverticula

Back 58

small pouches or sacs formed by herniation of the wall of a canal or organ (diverticulosis in the colon)

Front 59

Diverticulitis

Back 59

when diverticula become filled with digestive wastes and inflamed

Front 60

Colostomy

Back 60

an incision into the intestine to create an opening to the surface of the abdomen through which fecal matter can be eliminated

Front 61

Hiatal hernia

Back 61

the protrusion of any organ, usually the stomach, upward through the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm

Front 62

Enzymes

Back 62

complex proteins that are catalysts

Front 63

Ptyalin

Back 63

enzyme secreted in the salivary glands that hydrolyzes starch (amylase)

Front 64

Pepsin and renin

Back 64

enzyme in the gastric juice that hydrolyzes protein (protease)

Front 65

Steapsin

Back 65

an enzyme in pancreatic juice that hydrolyzes fat (lipase)

Front 66

Zymogen

Back 66

substance that develops into an enzyme or ferment

Front 67

Zymology

Back 67

the science of fermentation

Front 68

Azymic

Back 68

the absence of an enzyme or of fermentation

Front 69

Zymolysis

Back 69

the changes produced by an enzyme

Front 70

Pylemphraxis

Back 70

an occlusion of the portal vein

Front 71

Pylethrombosis

Back 71

portal vein thrombosis, a condition that can lead to massive gastrointestinal bleeding

Front 72

Botulism

Back 72

a form of food poisoning caused by eating food contaminated with Clostridium botulinum, especially prevalent in preserved meats