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120 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The foot contains how many bones?
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26
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The hind foot is the union of which two bones?
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calcaneous
talus |
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The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form which joint?
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talocrural
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bone at the heel of the foot
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calcaneous
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The midfoot consists of how many tarsals?
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5
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The most lateral tarsal is the...
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cuboid
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What are the names of the tarsals?
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medial cuneiform
middle cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid navicular |
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The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms are distal to which tarsal?
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navicular
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The foot contains how many bones?
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26
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How many phalanges are in the first toe?
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2
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The foot contains how many bones?
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26
|
|
|
The hind foot is the union of which two bones?
|
calcaneous
talus |
|
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Other than the first toe, how many phalanges are in the toes?
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3
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The hind foot is the union of which two bones?
|
calcaneous
talus |
|
|
The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form which joint?
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talocrural
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The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form which joint?
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talocrural
|
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bone at the heel of the foot
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calcaneous
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bone at the heel of the foot
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calcaneous
|
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The midfoot consists of how many tarsals?
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5
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The midfoot consists of how many tarsals?
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5
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The most lateral tarsal is the...
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cuboid
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The most lateral tarsal is the...
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cuboid
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The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms are distal to which tarsal?
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navicular
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The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms are distal to which tarsal?
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navicular
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What are the names of the tarsals?
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medial cuneiform
middle cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid navicular |
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What are the names of the tarsals?
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medial cuneiform
middle cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid navicular |
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How many phalanges are in the first toe?
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2
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The foot contains how many bones?
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26
|
|
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How many phalanges are in the first toe?
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2
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Other than the first toe, how many phalanges are in the toes?
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3
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The foot contains how many bones?
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26
|
|
|
Other than the first toe, how many phalanges are in the toes?
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3
|
|
|
The hind foot is the union of which two bones?
|
calcaneous
talus |
|
|
The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form which joint?
|
talocrural
|
|
|
The hind foot is the union of which two bones?
|
calcaneous
talus |
|
|
The talus articulates with the tibia and fibula to form which joint?
|
talocrural
|
|
|
bone at the heel of the foot
|
calcaneous
|
|
|
bone at the heel of the foot
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calcaneous
|
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The midfoot consists of how many tarsals?
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5
|
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The midfoot consists of how many tarsals?
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5
|
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The most lateral tarsal is the...
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cuboid
|
|
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The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms are distal to which tarsal?
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navicular
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The most lateral tarsal is the...
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cuboid
|
|
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The medial, middle, and lateral cuneiforms are distal to which tarsal?
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navicular
|
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What are the names of the tarsals?
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medial cuneiform
middle cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid navicular |
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What are the names of the tarsals?
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medial cuneiform
middle cuneiform lateral cuneiform cuboid navicular |
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How many phalanges are in the first toe?
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2
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Other than the first toe, how many phalanges are in the toes?
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3
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How many phalanges are in the first toe?
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2
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Other than the first toe, how many phalanges are in the toes?
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3
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The broader medial malleolus is located at the distal end of what bone?
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tibia
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The more slender lateral malleolus protrudes from the distal end of what bone?
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fibula
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What is another name for the big toe (first toe)?
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hallucis
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"pip and dip"
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proximal interphalangeal joints and distal interphalangeal joints
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when the arch on the medial side of the foot collapses
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flat foot
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digitgrades
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animals such as cats or dogs that stand with tarsals and metatarsals off of the ground.
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unguligrades
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hooved animals such as horses that stand with all but the distal phalanges off of the ground (tippy toed)
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plantargrades
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animals such as humans that walk on the soles of their feet.
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bipeds
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pressing all foot bones firmly on ground to maintain balance.
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What two muscles form the "calf muscles"?
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gastrocnemius
soleus |
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Two slender muscles found along the lateral side of the leg
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peroneus longus and brevis
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The extensors of the ankle and toes are located where?
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on the anterior leg and dorsom of the foot
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The flexors of the ankle and toes are located where?
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deep to the gastrocnemius and soleus on the posterior leg
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Name the extensors of the ankle and toes
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tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus extensor hallucis longus |
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Name the flexors of the ankle and toes.
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tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus |
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Name the joints of the ankles, feet, and toes.
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talocrural
talotarsal midtarsal tarsometatarsal metatarsophalangeal proximal and distal interphalangeals |
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The large muscle mass on the posterior leg is composed of what two muscles and is called what?
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gastrocnemius
soleus triceps surae |
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The soleus is also known as what and why?
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"second heart"
Strong contractions of the soleus play an important role in returning blood from the leg to the heart. |
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What is the origin of the gastrocnemius?
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The posterior surfaces of the condyles of the femur.
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What is the insertion of the gastrocnemius?
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calcaneus via the calaneal tendon
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What nerve serves the gastrocnemius?
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tibial
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What is the origin of the soleus?
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Soleal line, posterior surface of tibia and proximal, posterior surface of fibula
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What is the soleus muscle shaped like?
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sole fish
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The calcaneal tendon was origianally called what?
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Achilles tendon
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Why was the Achilles tendon called such?
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Greek mythological warrior Achilles was dipped in River Styx, while being held by his ankles, for invulnerability. He was mortally wounded when an arrow penetrated his heel (Achilles heel).
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What is the insertion of the soleus?
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calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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What nerve serves the soleus?
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tibial
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What is the origin of the plantaris?
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lateral condyle of femur
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What is the insertion of the plantaris?
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calcaneus via calcaneal tendon
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What is the nervation for the plantaris?
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tibial
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Where are the poplitius and the belly of the plantaris located?
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popliteal space
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"The key which unlocks the knee"
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popliteus
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Origin of the popliteus
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lateral epicondyle of femur
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Insertion of the popliteus
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Proximal, posterior aspect of tibia
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Innervation of popliteus
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tibial
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The peroneus longus and brevis are located between which two muscles?
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extensor digitorum longus
soleus |
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Origin of the peroneus longus
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proximal 2/3 of lateral fibula
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insertion of peroneus longus
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base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
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innervation of peroneus longus
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superior peroneal
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What is the origin for the peroneus brevis?
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distal 2/3 of lateral fibula
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Where does the peroneus brevis insert?
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tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
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What nerve serves the peroneus brevis?
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superior peroneal
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The peroneus tertius, if present, is a short branch of which muscle
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extensor digitorum longus
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If present, what is the insertion of the peroneus tertius?
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tuberosity of 5th metatarsal
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Name the extensors of the ankle and toes
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Tibialis anterior
Extensor digitorum longus Extensor hallucis longus |
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The tendons of the flexors pass beneath what fibrous sheet?
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flexor retinaculum
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What is the origin of the tibialis anterior?
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Proximal lateral surface of tibia and interosseous membrane
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What is the insertion point for the tibialis anterior?
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medial cuneiform and base of 1st metatarsal
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What is the nervation for the extensors?
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deep peroneal
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What nerve serves the extensor digitorum longus?
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deep peroneal
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The extensor hallucis longus is served by what nerve?
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deep peroneal
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What is the point(s) of origin for the extensor digitorum longus?
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Proximal anterior shaft of fibula and interosseous membrane
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What is the origin for the extensor hallucis longus?
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Middle anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
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Where does the extensor digitorum longus insert?
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middle and distal phalanges of 2nd thru 5th toes
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Where does the extensor hallucis longus insert?
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distal phalange of 1st toe
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What are the names of the flexors of the ankle and toes?
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tibialis posterior
flexor digitorum longus flexor hallucis longus |
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What nerve serves the flexors of the ankle and toes?
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tibial
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What is the nervation for the tibialis posterior?
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tibialis
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What is the innervation for the flexor hallucis longus?
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tibial
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From where does the tibialis posterior originate?
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proximal, posterior shaft of tibia
proximal fibula interosseous membrane |
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What is the origin of the flexor digitorum longus?
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middle posterior surface of the tibia
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Origin: flexor hallucis longus
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middle half of posterior fibula
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insertion for the tibialis posterior
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Navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, bases of 2nd through the 4th metatarsals
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The flexor digitorum longus inserts where?
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distal phalanges of 2nd through 5th toes
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Where does the flexor hallucis longus insert?
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distal phalange of 1st toe
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Tom, Dick, AN, Harry (the order of the tendons and vessels as they pass by the medial malleolus)
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Tibialis posterior, flexor Digitorum longus, tibial Artery, tibial Nerve, flexor Hallucis longus
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What branches from the femoral artery to pass through the popliteal fossa at the back of the knee?
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Popliteal artery
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The tendons of the extensor muscles are supported by what fibrous sheathes?
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Superior and inferior extensor retinaculae
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A thick, superficial band of fascia stretching from the heel to the ball of the foot
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plantar aponeurosis
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Its pulse can be felt just inferior and posterior to the medial malleolus
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posterior tibial artery
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