Legal Concepts, Risk Managementand Ethical Issues

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ABANDOMENT

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TO LEAVE A PATIENT ALONE WHO IS STILL IN NEED OF CARE OR OBSERVATION

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ACCREDITATION

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PROCESSED WHEREBY BUSINESSES, EDUCTIONAL INSTITUTIONS, AND PROGRAMS AND HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATIONS ARE DETERMINED TO MEET STANDARDS AND PERFORMANCE CRITERIA AS ESTABLISHED BY AN ACCREDITING AGENCY.

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ADVANCE DIRECTIVE

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Writing instructions expressing the patent's wishes concerning the types and amount of medical treatment to be rendered in the event that patient can no longer make those types of decision

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AFFIDAVIT

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Voluntary statement of facts sworn before an authority to be true.

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CODE OF ETHICS

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Guidelines, usually expressed in a series of statements, that provide ethical standards of conduct for a profession

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CREDENTIALING

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Process by which and agency or organization establishes a minimum knowledge base for a given health care profession and awards a credential to individuals who meet the minimum knowledge level

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ETHICS

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Branch of philosophy dealing with good conduct and moral values.

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INCIDENT REPORT

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Mechanism for reporting an incident, usually by completing a document describing what happened, related to any patient occurrence

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INFORMED CONSENT

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A situation in which a patient gives voluntary permission to another party (e.g. surgeon or anesthesia provider) to perform the procedures that have been explained: includes the risks, benefits, possible complications and alternative treatment options.

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LIABILITY

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An obligation to do or not do something
An Obligation potentially or actually incurred as a result of a negligent act

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MALPRACTICE

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Professional misconduct that results in harm to another
Negligence of a heath care professional

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MORAL PRINCIPLES

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Guides fir ethical decisions making that include the concern individuals autonomy, basic justice, prevention of harm to others and refusal to take unfair advantage

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NEGLIGENCE

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Omission or commission of an act that a reasonable or prudent person would not do under the same conditions

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PATIENT CARE PARTNERSHIP

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Replacing the AHA's Patient's Bill of Rights, this plain-language brochure informs patients about what they should expect during their hospital stay with regard to their rights and responsibilities.

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RISK MANAGEMENT

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The efforts of a heath care provider organization to collect and utilize data to decrease the chance of harm to patients or staff or damage to property

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SAFE MEDICAL DEVICE ACT

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Establish in 1990, this act requires medical device users to report to the manufacturer and/or FDA incidents that reasonably suggest that there is a probability that medical device has cause or contributed to the death, serious injury or illness of a patient

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SCOPE OF PRACTICE

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Professional duty limits based on state and federal law and on individuals education experience

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SURGICAL CONSCIENCE

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The basis for the practice of strict adherence to sterile technique by all surgical team members involves a level of honesty and moral integrity that must be upheld

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TORT LAW

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Describes any civil wrong independent of a contract; allows for a remedy in the form of an action for damages