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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
branchial cleft cysts occur where in the neck
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unilateral lateral aspect
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etiology of branchial cleft cyst
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second brachial cleft fails to close during embryonic development
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when do branchial cleft cysts first appear
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late in life
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clinical signs of tracheoesophageal fistula
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cough due to aspiration into lung from esophagus through fistula
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types of transesophageal congenital abnormalities
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esophageal atresia
trans esophageal fistula |
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types of bronchogenic cysts
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paratracheal
perihilar subcarinal intrapulmonary |
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bronchogenic cyst usually contains what
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mucous
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what is a pulmonary sequestration
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mass of lung tissue without any connection to normal airway system
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blood supply of pulmonary sequestrations
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aorta or its branches
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extralobar sequestrations are usually located where
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left lung base in mediastinum
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micro findings of extrapulmonary sequestration
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immature lung tissue with bronchiolar structural irregularities
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what is CCAM
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congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation: cystic mass of nonworking lung that replaces lung tissue
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micro findings in intrapulmonary sequestration
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parenchymal fibrosis with distortion of airspaces
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gross findings of extrapulmonary sequestration
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pedunculated spongy tissue
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CCAM type I and prognosis
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large cysts
good prognosis |
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CCAM type II and prognosis
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medium sized cysts
poor prognosis |
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CCAM type that is assx with other anomalies
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type II
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squamous cell carcinomas occur where
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epithelium of large bronchi
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micro of squamous cell carcinoma
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well differentiated with keratin pearls and intercellular bridges
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what is adenocarcinoma
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malignant tumor with glandular differentiation
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bronchogenic cancer that is more peripherally located and smaller
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adenocarcinoma
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adenocarcinomas usually contain what substance
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mucous
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adenocarcinomas are usually assx with what other lesions
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peripheral scar or honeycombing
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bronchogenic carcinoma that appears acinar like
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adenocarcinoma: acinar=berry
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small cell carcinoma micro findings
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indistinct cell borders
hyperchromatic nuclei absent nuclei salt and pepper pattern to chromatin |
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bronchogenic carcinoma with early mediastinal lymph node involvement
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small cell carcinoma
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small cell carcinoma lesions appear where in lung
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major bronchi as well as peripherally
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bronchogenic carcinoma lesion with an area of central necrosis and anthracosis
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small cell carcinoma
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how do small cell carcinoma lesions spread
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subepithelial
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small cell carcinoma is assx with what risk factors
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cigarette smoke
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grade
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level of differentiation
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stage
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extent of cancer (TMN)
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Em findings in SCC
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neurosecretory granules in a cytoplasmic process beneath the cell membrane
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carcinoid tumors usually occur where
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main to segmental bronchi
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gross findings in carcinoid tumors
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polypoid
bicameral (2 branches) well-defined, lobulated surface that grow into lumen of bronchioles |
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micro findings in carcinoid tumors
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short spindle shaped cells with uniform oval nuclei
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EM findings in carcinoid tumors
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dense core granules
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what is a carcinoid
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low grade malignant epithelial neoplasm
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bronchogenic carcinoma that occurs in nonsmokers
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carcinoids
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two types of carcinoid tumors and which is more aggressive
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typical
atypical - more aggressive |