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40 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
branchial cleft cysts occur where in the neck
unilateral lateral aspect
etiology of branchial cleft cyst
second brachial cleft fails to close during embryonic development
when do branchial cleft cysts first appear
late in life
clinical signs of tracheoesophageal fistula
cough due to aspiration into lung from esophagus through fistula
types of transesophageal congenital abnormalities
esophageal atresia
trans esophageal fistula
types of bronchogenic cysts
paratracheal
perihilar
subcarinal
intrapulmonary
bronchogenic cyst usually contains what
mucous
what is a pulmonary sequestration
mass of lung tissue without any connection to normal airway system
blood supply of pulmonary sequestrations
aorta or its branches
extralobar sequestrations are usually located where
left lung base in mediastinum
micro findings of extrapulmonary sequestration
immature lung tissue with bronchiolar structural irregularities
what is CCAM
congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation: cystic mass of nonworking lung that replaces lung tissue
micro findings in intrapulmonary sequestration
parenchymal fibrosis with distortion of airspaces
gross findings of extrapulmonary sequestration
pedunculated spongy tissue
CCAM type I and prognosis
large cysts
good prognosis
CCAM type II and prognosis
medium sized cysts
poor prognosis
CCAM type that is assx with other anomalies
type II
squamous cell carcinomas occur where
epithelium of large bronchi
micro of squamous cell carcinoma
well differentiated with keratin pearls and intercellular bridges
what is adenocarcinoma
malignant tumor with glandular differentiation
bronchogenic cancer that is more peripherally located and smaller
adenocarcinoma
adenocarcinomas usually contain what substance
mucous
adenocarcinomas are usually assx with what other lesions
peripheral scar or honeycombing
bronchogenic carcinoma that appears acinar like
adenocarcinoma: acinar=berry
small cell carcinoma micro findings
indistinct cell borders
hyperchromatic nuclei
absent nuclei
salt and pepper pattern to chromatin
bronchogenic carcinoma with early mediastinal lymph node involvement
small cell carcinoma
small cell carcinoma lesions appear where in lung
major bronchi as well as peripherally
bronchogenic carcinoma lesion with an area of central necrosis and anthracosis
small cell carcinoma
how do small cell carcinoma lesions spread
subepithelial
small cell carcinoma is assx with what risk factors
cigarette smoke
grade
level of differentiation
stage
extent of cancer (TMN)
Em findings in SCC
neurosecretory granules in a cytoplasmic process beneath the cell membrane
carcinoid tumors usually occur where
main to segmental bronchi
gross findings in carcinoid tumors
polypoid
bicameral (2 branches)
well-defined, lobulated surface that grow into lumen of bronchioles
micro findings in carcinoid tumors
short spindle shaped cells with uniform oval nuclei
EM findings in carcinoid tumors
dense core granules
what is a carcinoid
low grade malignant epithelial neoplasm
bronchogenic carcinoma that occurs in nonsmokers
carcinoids
two types of carcinoid tumors and which is more aggressive
typical
atypical - more aggressive