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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is a chromatid? And where are they located?
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one of the doubled chromosomes. on the ends of the chromosomes (same color)
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What is a centromere? and where is it located?
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center of chromosome-holds the chromosomes together
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What is a diploid cell? and how is it written?
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a cell that contains two copies of each chromosome. written as 2n
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what is a haploid cell? and how is it written?
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a cell that contains only one set of chromosomes. written as "n"
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what is the main difference between mitosis and meiosis?
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Mitosis produces two daughter cells, meiosis produces four
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know prophase metaphase and anaphase of meiosis
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pics
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know prophase metaphase and anaphase of meiosis 2
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pics
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genetic variation is created in what 3 ways?
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independent orientation of chromosomes, random fertilization, and crossing over
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what is a karyotype?
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a photographic inventory of an individual's chromosomes
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errors in Meiosis: an extra copy of chromosome 21 causes what? What are dome effects of this disorder?
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down syndrome. produces heart defects, developmental delays, and a shortened life span
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errors in Meiosis: What is nondisjunction? What can this lead to? Why do they occur?
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is an alternation in chromosome number. Can lead to characteristic symptoms called syndromes. They occur because members of a chromosome fail to seperate during anaphase
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abnormal numbers of sex chromosomes can lead to what? What is it?
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Turner syndrome. A female who is sterile because reproductive organs are underdeveloped, a short person
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Alterations in chromosome structure can cause what?
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birth defects and cancer
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