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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Tissue types |
Muscular, connective, epithelial, nervous |
|
A tissue is |
a group of cells with similar structure that perform a particular function |
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Characteristics of Epithelium |
Covers body surfaces and lines cavities Cellularity Polarity |
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Cellularity |
cells strongly adhere to each other laterally |
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Microvilli |
Mountain tops |
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Cilia |
Hair tops |
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Supported by connective tissue |
Regeneration Basement membrane Avascular |
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Mitosis |
2 daughter cells having same amount of chromosomes as parent nucleus |
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Functions of Epithelial Tissue |
protection absorption secretion excretion filtration sensory perception |
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Tight junction |
holds cells together |
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Desmosomes |
found in areas subjected to stress |
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Gap junctions |
allows electrical currents to pass |
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Simple squamous epithelium |
Flat 1 layer |
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Endothelium |
Lines blood vessels |
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Mesothelium |
found in serous membrane lining ventral cavity and organs |
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Simple cuboidal |
1 layer cube shape |
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Simple columnar |
1 layer column shape |
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Pseudostratified columnar |
column shape 1 layer--looks like stratified |
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Stratified squamous |
2 or more layers flat |
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Keratinized |
water proofing protein |
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Non keratinized |
found in the inside of cheeks |
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Glandular Epithelium |
secretes mucus via endocrine and exocrine glands |
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endocrine |
secretes substances-organs or outside of body it is also ductless |
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ductless |
secretes in bloodstream |
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exocrine |
secretes substances outside of body it is duct |
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duct |
tube with well defined walls |
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Goblet cell |
secretes mucus |
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Modes of secretion |
Merocrine Apocrine Holocrine |
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Merocrine |
no cellular loss, watery secretion, ordinary sweat glands |
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Apocrine |
partial cellular loss, watery secretion, odiferous-found in anal, axillae, and genital regions |
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Holocrine |
complete cell loss, sebaceous glands, oily secretion, associated with hair follicles |
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Connective tissue |
most abundant |
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Functions of Connective tissue |
Binding and support protection insulation transport |
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Mesnchyme |
embryonic |
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Structural elements of connective tissue |
Ground substance, fibers, cells |
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Ground substance has a |
shapeless background |
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CAMs |
connective tissue glue |
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Chondronectin |
found in cartilage |
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Osteonectin |
found in bone |
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Proteoglycans |
traps large quantities of water |
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Fiber types |
collagen, elastic, reticular |
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Cell suffixes |
blast, cyte, clast |
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blast |
create |
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cyte |
maintains |
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clast |
break down |
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Macrophages |
derived from monocytes-phagocytosis |
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Connective tissue proper loose subclasses |
areolar, adipose, reticular |
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connective tissue proper dense subclasses |
dense regular, dense irregular, elastic |
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regular fibers |
parallel and allows movement in one direction |
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irregular fibers |
many directions, moves in many directions |
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Areolar |
loose packing material of most organs and tissues, binds organs. |
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Adipose functions |
energy storage, insulation, cushioning |
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Adipose fat colors |
white & brown |
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Adipocytes |
cells that make up adipose tissue |
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White/yellow fats |
found in adults appears white at birth and turns yellow |
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Brown fat |
found more in infants, generates heat |
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Reticular |
found only in lymphatic organs |
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Cartilage types |
hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage |
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Lacunae |
space that contains chondrocytes |
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Hyaline |
firm but flexible matrix |
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Elastic |
firm but really flexible, provides skeletal support |
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Fibrocartilage |
thick bundles |
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Nervous tissue |
coordinates and integrates body functions |
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3 parts of nervous tissue
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Dendrites, soma, axon |
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Neuroglia |
supports cells in nervous tissue |
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Types of Muscle tissue |
skeletal, cardiac, smooth |
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Serous |
lines cavities and covers organs |
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Tissue repair |
regeneration: mitosis |
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Fibrosis |
replaced by scar tissue |
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Inflammation signs |
redness and heat: increase blood flow |
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Edema |
increase vascular permeability |
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Pain results from |
edema |
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Regeneration capacities of different cells |
labile, stable, permanent |
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labile |
regenerate throughout lifetime |
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stable |
regenerate after injury |
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permanent |
little to no regeneration |