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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the 4 potential sources of surgical contamination?
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1) Airbourne contaminants
2) Surgical team members 3) Patients Skin 4) Surgical instrumentsq |
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Define sterilisation
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The complete destruction of all microorganisms including spres but not prions
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Define Disinfection
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Removal or destruction of pathogenic prganisma(not including spores), Not suitable for critical items. used in surgery.
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What is cleaning and why is it necessary?
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It is a necessary prerequisite for disinfection and sterilisation
It removes organic material and is tuitable for surfaces and non critical items contacting the skin. |
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What are the 3 examples of disinfectants common in surgery?
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1) Alcohol
2) Chlorhexidine 3) Iodine |
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What are the 3 chemical disinfectants commonly used on inanimate objects?
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1) Phenols
2) Quaternary ammoniums 3) Halogens |
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What 2 chemical disinfectants can be used to sterilised equiptment?
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Ethylene oxide and glutaaldehyde
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Describe 4 points about the use of chlorhex and iodine for disinfection.
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1) Both available as aqueous solutions or scrubs
2) Poor activity against spores, viruses, fungi 3) Iodine is corrosive 4) Chlorhex tincture recommended only for emergency disinfection of clean instruments rinse after 2 minutes |
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Give me 6 points about alcohol.
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1) 70% ethyl/isopropyl alcohol
2) not sporicidal 3)Bacterostatic at lower concentrations 4) avoid residue on instruments. 5)Not to be used on open wounds 6) can be combine with chlorhex |
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What are the 5 things that should not be done to dilute disinfectants?
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1) Topped up
2) stored for 24 hours 3)Opened repeatedly 4) kept in buckets 5)Used for sterilisation of surgical equiptment. |
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What percentage of chlohex and iodine are cytotoxic?
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>0.05% chlorhex
>0.1% iodine |
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What is the most common form of sterilisation? what affects the efficciency of sterilisation? (6)
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Autoclaving
1) contact between agent and item being strilised 2) presenc eof organic material 3) Length of exposure to sterilising agent 4) Concentration of sterilising agent 5)Temperatures and humidity. 6) State of microorganisms (spores) |
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What is ethylene oxide used to sterilise for?
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Fragile items like lenses, plastics, rubber, tissue grafts.
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What does indicator tapes and strips tell you?
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They confiirm exposure to strilising agent , not duration of exposure.
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What does biological indicators indicate?
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They confirm efficacy of sterilisation procedure (e.g spore strips)
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What is the 3 requirements for an ideal surgical facility
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1) Ansethesia and patient prep
2) Surgeon's scrub room 3) Operatitng theatre |
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What are the 8 conditions for an ideal operating theatre?
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1) Minimal personnel and activity
2) single entry 3) Used only for sterile surgery 4)Ristricted acess/dress 5)Few surfaces/min equipment 6)Easy clean surfaces 7)Controlled/filtred air 8)Orthopaedic/soft tissue/dirty |
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Give me 6 things for an ideal surgical facility.
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1) used only for surgery
2) No thoroughfare 3) Scrub sink outside operating rooom 4) No open drains 5) Seperate rooms for patient preparation and for contaminated surgeries |
