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82 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Part of brain that performs our conscious thought processes and intellectual functions
Cerebrum
Part of brain that has memory storage and processing
Cerebrum
Part of brain that controls skeletal muscles
Cerebrum
Part of brain that coordinates complex somatic motor patters
Cerebellum
Contains Hypothalamus and thalamus
Diencephalon
relay and processing center for sensory information
Thalamus
contains centers for controlling emotions, autonomic function, and hormone production
Hypothalamus
contains mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata
Brain Stem
part of brain that processes visual and auditory information
Mesencephalon
part of brain that generates reflex motor responses
Mesencephalon
part of brain that maintains consciousness
Mesencephalon
relay centers between the upper and lower CNS structures
Pons & Medulla Oblongata
somatic and visceral motor control
Pons
autonomic centers for regulation of visceral function
Medulla Oblongata
3 ways we protect the brain
1. Cranial Bones 2. CSF 3. Meningial Layers
Layers of Meninges (deep to superficial)
1. Pia Mater 2. Arachnoid 3. Dura Mater
Fold between the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum
Falx Cerebri
inferior support of the cerebellum
Tentorium Cerebelli
fold between the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum
Falx Cerebelli
White matter in cerebrum
1. association fibers, 2. projection fibers, 3. commisural fibers
Association Fibers
a. Arcuate Fibers b. Longitudinal Fasciculi
Arcuate Fibers
allow 1 gyrus to communicate with another gyrus in the same lobe
Longitudinal fasciculi
allow 1 gyrus to communicate with another gyrus in another lobe in the same hemisphere
Projection Fibers
Allow cerebral cortex to communicate with lower structures
Commissural Fibers
Allows one hemisphere to communicate with the other
Primary Motor Cortex
Motor Homunculus- Keyboard where all motor functions occur
Stimulates different parts of the Motor Homunculus determining what motor movement will occur
Somatic Motor Association Area
Division between frontal and parietal lobes
Central Sulcus
Division between Parietal and occipital lobes
Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
Division between Frontal lobe and temporal lobes
Lateral Sulcus
Frontal Lobe
Voluntary control of skeletal muscles
Temporal lobe
perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli
Parietal Lobe
Perception of pain, touch, taste, temperatures
Occipital lobe
Perception of visual stimuli
Different areas of the brain do different things
Hemispheric Lateralization
Acts as a relay center for action potentials
Thalamus
the walls define the 3rd ventricle
Thalamus
3 ways hypothalamic activity is regulated
1. Neural Regulation 2. Hormonally 3. Humorally
Preoptic Nuclei
-Hypothalamic
-sets and can reset body temperature
Supraoptic Nuclei
-Hypothalamic
-Secretes neurotransmitters into bloodflow, turning into ADH
Paraventricular Nuclei
-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-secretes neurotransmitters into bloodflow, turning into oxytocin
Tuberal Nucleus
-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-regulates hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland
Autonomic Centers
-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-controls the sympathetic & parasympathetic branches of the autonomic system
Reflex to visual stimulus
Superior Colliculi
Reflex to Auditory Stimulus
Inferior Colliculi
System in the mesencephalon that makes a person more alert and attentive
Reticular activation system
Superhighway for somato-sensory information and motor commands
Cerebral Peduncles
Pneumotaxic and Apneustic Center
-Nuclei in Pons
-regulate respiratory rythmicity cetner giving us normal breathing rate
Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the cerebrum
Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the basal ganglia
Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the rest of the body
gray matter deep in cerebellum that specialize in unconscious control of skeletal muscle
basal ganglia
Cardiovascular center
-Nuclei in Medulla
-heart rate and blood flow
Reticular Formation
-Nuclei in Medulla
-Conscious/Unconscious states of being
Respiratory Rythmicity Center
-Nuclei in Medulla
-Unconscious control of breathing
Nucleus Cuneatus
-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing
Olivary Nucleus
-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing
Nucleus Gracilis
-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing
Solitary Nucleus
-Nuclei in Medulla
-Visceral sensory processing
Facts/ skills that we retain for only a short period of time
Short-term memory
long term memories that have been lost because of not using the neural pathway
secondary memories
long-term memories you dont forget- utilized by more than 1 part of the brain
tertiary memories
almost all fact information stored here
cerebrum
almost all skill memory is stored here
cerebellum
all emotions are generated from here
lymbic system
these 2 parts of the limbic system help us form memories
amygdaloid body and fornix
the inability to make new memories
anterograde amnesia
the inability to remember old memories
retrograde amnesia
measures overall action potentials
EEG
normal resting adult
alpha waves
waves accompany intense concentration
beta waves
children and frustrated adults brain waves
theta waves
waves shown during deep sleep & certain pathological states
delta waves
structure in brain stem that is responsible for bringing us from a state of unconsciousness to consciousness
reticular formation
sends out stimulus for you to get consciousness after the reticular formation receives information
reticular activating system
a group of cells with a common purpose
nuclei
the only vesicle that stays with us into adulthood
mesencephalon
unconscious control of skeletal muscles.. 3
basal ganglia, cerebellum, red nucleus (in mes.)
filters unwanted motor commands by sending out dopamine
substantia nigra
-in mesencephalon
white matter in mesencephalon
cerebral peduncles
unique abilities are dedicated to specific hemispheres
hemispheric lateralization
many association areas are integrated to create physical responses
intergration