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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Part of brain that performs our conscious thought processes and intellectual functions
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Cerebrum
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Part of brain that has memory storage and processing
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Cerebrum
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Part of brain that controls skeletal muscles
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Cerebrum
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Part of brain that coordinates complex somatic motor patters
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Cerebellum
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Contains Hypothalamus and thalamus
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Diencephalon
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relay and processing center for sensory information
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Thalamus
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contains centers for controlling emotions, autonomic function, and hormone production
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Hypothalamus
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contains mesencephalon, pons, and medulla oblongata
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Brain Stem
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part of brain that processes visual and auditory information
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Mesencephalon
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part of brain that generates reflex motor responses
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Mesencephalon
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part of brain that maintains consciousness
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Mesencephalon
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relay centers between the upper and lower CNS structures
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Pons & Medulla Oblongata
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somatic and visceral motor control
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Pons
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autonomic centers for regulation of visceral function
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Medulla Oblongata
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3 ways we protect the brain
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1. Cranial Bones 2. CSF 3. Meningial Layers
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Layers of Meninges (deep to superficial)
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1. Pia Mater 2. Arachnoid 3. Dura Mater
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Fold between the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum
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Falx Cerebri
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inferior support of the cerebellum
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Tentorium Cerebelli
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fold between the 2 hemispheres of the cerebellum
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Falx Cerebelli
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White matter in cerebrum
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1. association fibers, 2. projection fibers, 3. commisural fibers
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Association Fibers
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a. Arcuate Fibers b. Longitudinal Fasciculi
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Arcuate Fibers
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allow 1 gyrus to communicate with another gyrus in the same lobe
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Longitudinal fasciculi
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allow 1 gyrus to communicate with another gyrus in another lobe in the same hemisphere
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Projection Fibers
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Allow cerebral cortex to communicate with lower structures
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Commissural Fibers
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Allows one hemisphere to communicate with the other
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Primary Motor Cortex
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Motor Homunculus- Keyboard where all motor functions occur
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Stimulates different parts of the Motor Homunculus determining what motor movement will occur
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Somatic Motor Association Area
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Division between frontal and parietal lobes
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Central Sulcus
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Division between Parietal and occipital lobes
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Parieto-Occipital Sulcus
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Division between Frontal lobe and temporal lobes
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Lateral Sulcus
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Frontal Lobe
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Voluntary control of skeletal muscles
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Temporal lobe
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perception of auditory and olfactory stimuli
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Parietal Lobe
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Perception of pain, touch, taste, temperatures
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Occipital lobe
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Perception of visual stimuli
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Different areas of the brain do different things
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Hemispheric Lateralization
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Acts as a relay center for action potentials
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Thalamus
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the walls define the 3rd ventricle
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Thalamus
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3 ways hypothalamic activity is regulated
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1. Neural Regulation 2. Hormonally 3. Humorally
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Preoptic Nuclei
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-Hypothalamic
-sets and can reset body temperature |
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Supraoptic Nuclei
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-Hypothalamic
-Secretes neurotransmitters into bloodflow, turning into ADH |
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Paraventricular Nuclei
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-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-secretes neurotransmitters into bloodflow, turning into oxytocin |
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Tuberal Nucleus
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-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-regulates hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland |
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Autonomic Centers
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-Hypothalamic Nuclei
-controls the sympathetic & parasympathetic branches of the autonomic system |
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Reflex to visual stimulus
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Superior Colliculi
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Reflex to Auditory Stimulus
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Inferior Colliculi
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System in the mesencephalon that makes a person more alert and attentive
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Reticular activation system
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Superhighway for somato-sensory information and motor commands
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Cerebral Peduncles
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Pneumotaxic and Apneustic Center
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-Nuclei in Pons
-regulate respiratory rythmicity cetner giving us normal breathing rate |
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Superior Cerebellar Peduncle
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-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the cerebrum |
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Middle Cerebellar Peduncle
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-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the basal ganglia |
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Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle
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-in Pons
-allows cerebellum to communicate with the rest of the body |
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gray matter deep in cerebellum that specialize in unconscious control of skeletal muscle
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basal ganglia
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Cardiovascular center
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-heart rate and blood flow |
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Reticular Formation
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-Conscious/Unconscious states of being |
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Respiratory Rythmicity Center
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-Unconscious control of breathing |
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Nucleus Cuneatus
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing |
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Olivary Nucleus
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing |
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Nucleus Gracilis
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-somatic sensory & somatic motor processing |
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Solitary Nucleus
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-Nuclei in Medulla
-Visceral sensory processing |
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Facts/ skills that we retain for only a short period of time
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Short-term memory
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long term memories that have been lost because of not using the neural pathway
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secondary memories
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long-term memories you dont forget- utilized by more than 1 part of the brain
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tertiary memories
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almost all fact information stored here
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cerebrum
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almost all skill memory is stored here
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cerebellum
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all emotions are generated from here
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lymbic system
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these 2 parts of the limbic system help us form memories
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amygdaloid body and fornix
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the inability to make new memories
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anterograde amnesia
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the inability to remember old memories
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retrograde amnesia
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measures overall action potentials
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EEG
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normal resting adult
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alpha waves
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waves accompany intense concentration
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beta waves
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children and frustrated adults brain waves
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theta waves
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waves shown during deep sleep & certain pathological states
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delta waves
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structure in brain stem that is responsible for bringing us from a state of unconsciousness to consciousness
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reticular formation
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sends out stimulus for you to get consciousness after the reticular formation receives information
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reticular activating system
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a group of cells with a common purpose
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nuclei
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the only vesicle that stays with us into adulthood
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mesencephalon
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unconscious control of skeletal muscles.. 3
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basal ganglia, cerebellum, red nucleus (in mes.)
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filters unwanted motor commands by sending out dopamine
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substantia nigra
-in mesencephalon |
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white matter in mesencephalon
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cerebral peduncles
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unique abilities are dedicated to specific hemispheres
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hemispheric lateralization
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many association areas are integrated to create physical responses
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intergration
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