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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Zimbardo’s Simulation of a Prison
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- Random selection for guard or prisoner role.
- Participants deindividuated: 1. Guards: Glasses, uniforms, night stick. 2. Prisoners: Hair, numbers, same dress. - Personality testing: 1. Screen for mental problems. 2. Predict behavior as guard or prisoner. |
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Criticisms of Prison Simulation
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- Guards & prisoners just playing expected roles.
- Expectations study. - Expected role excluded physical abuse. |
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Ongoing nature of “real” prisons.
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- Situation determines the outcome.
- Prisons have riots, etc. because of the environment, not the individual |
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My Lai massacre
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- the mass murder unarmed citizens in South Vietnam
- entirely civilians and some of them women and children, conducted by U.S. Army forces on March 16, 1968. - only William Calley was convicted. He served three years of his life sentence. - Wallace interviewed participant who said he did it just because he was ordered to |
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Milgram's experiments at Yale
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- experimenter, teacher, learner - learner is trained to react in a certain way - teacher is told they will shock the learner for mistakes, increasing voltage
⁃ If teacher refuses, experimenter has a set of things that he says to get them to continue before the experiment is over ⁃ predicted that as intensity increases, less of the subjects will still be obedient ⁃ people were much more obedient than expected, administered even high level shocks just because they were told to |
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Factors affecting the degree of obedience
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The prestige of Yale - 40%
Women as “teachers” - 65% - In other cultures - mostly around 60% or a little higher - Australia only 28% were fully compliant |
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Why do we underestimate the impact of situational variables?
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⁃ a sense of self across time and place (I'm always the same person)
⁃ controlling stimuli not obvious ⁃ situationally controlled people seen as weak ⁃ little experience with highly compelling situations |
