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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Criteria for Neurotransmitters |
1.Synthesized in the neuron 2.Present in the presynaptic terminal 3.Released when action potential reaches terminal 4.It is recognized by specific receptors and causes a change in postsynaptic cell 5 . inactivated |
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3 sized of neurotransmitters |
Small-molecule Large-molecule (neuropeptide) Gaseous |
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Small molecule |
Acetylcholine(first to be discovered) Amino acids (mist numerous) Monoamines (derived from an amino acid) Histamine Adenosine |
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Amino acids |
Glutamate(excitatory)EPSP Gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA)(inhibitory)IPSP |
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Monoamines |
Catecholamines Epinephrine (adrenalin) Norepinephrine (noradrenalin) Dopamine Indoleamine Serotonin |
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Large Molecule |
Opioid peptides Beta endorphin Enkephalin Dynorphin Substance P Cholecystokinin Neuropeptide Y Oxytocin Vasopressin
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Synthesis of neurotransmitter (small) |
-quickly release -cellular communication -synaptic membane |
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Synthesis of Neurotransmitter(large) |
-cellbody(SOMA) -axoplasmic transport -microtuble -larger vesicle -regulate |
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Subdivions of the nervous system |
CNS PNS spinal cord, brain Auto Soma . Para. Sym |
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Para sympathetic Nervous System |
Controls homeostasis and body at rest and is responsible for rest and digest |
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Sympathetic nervous system |
Fight or flight |
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Acetylcholine |
SYNETHESIS:AcetylCoa + Choline CHAT ACHE RECEPTOR:NICOTONIC (IONOTROPIC) EPSP NA+ IN MUSCURINC (METABOTROPIC) FUNCTION: NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION, PARASYMPATHETIC, LEARNING AND MEMORY BASAL FOREBRAIN CRITICAL THINKING Alzheimers and sleep |
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Glutamate(Excitatory) |
Synthesis: Glutamate Glutamine . Glutaminase Reuptake Astrocytes(glutamate breakdown ) Receptors:NMDA--Ca+ in;AMPA Kainate--Na+ in Function: too much glutamate = CEO death (seizure) Learning and memory |
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GABA (inhibitory) |
Synthesis: Glutamine . Glutamase . Glutamate . GAD GABA reuptake by neuron and astrocytes RECEPTORS: GABAa(I),GABAb(m) in activation:GABA~Glutamate(by GABA-T)~glutamine~neuron Location: Brain & spinal cord it absent in peripheral nerves or tissue Function: Anxiolytic=Reduce anxiety Sedative hypnotic=sedative and induces sleep Anticonvulsants=reduce convulsanes |
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Dopamine |
Synthesis:Tyrosine . Tyrosic hydioxylase . Dopa . Dopa dase Reuptake~terminal ~ monoamine oxidase ~moa~catecolometh(comt) Receptor-Metabotropic Function-Movement (substantia nigra);Parkinson low L DoPa high schizophrenia ;Reward (vertral tegmatal Area) |
