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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why are Linoleic, Linolenic and Arachidonic Acid essential fatty acids?
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Because we cannot generate double bonds at the omega 3 or omega 6 position. Human desaturases can put a double bond at omega 9 though
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What are 2 important saturated fatty acids?
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Palmitic and Stearic acid
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What is the main mono-unsaturated fatty acid?
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Oleic acid
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What are the two omega 6 fatty acids?
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Linoleic and arachidonic acid
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What are the three omega 3 fatty acids?
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Alpha - Linolenic acid, DHA, and EPA
Are important for brain function. Found in fish oils |
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Fatty acids are
Triacylglycerols are |
Amphipathic
Hydrophobic |
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What are glycerophospholipids composed of?
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A glycerol backbone
A polar head group containing a phosphate group at the third position of the glycerol 2 fatty acids attached by acyl ester bonds at the 1 and 2 positions The first fatty acid is saturated and the second fatty acid is unsaturated causing a kink. |
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What is the function of liposomes?
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To transfer genes into cells.
The goal is to transfer genes or chemotherapeutic agents into specific cells. |
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Why are our membrane phospholipids described as a liquid crystalline structure?
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The cis-double bonds cause kinks that allow the inner portion of the phospholipid bilayer to be "fluid"
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Cholesterol is
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mostly hydrophobic with a polar hydroxyl group
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Where is cholesterol predominantly located?
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The plasma membrane mostly
Little to none in intracellular membranes. Located on both sides of the membrane. |
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What is cholesterol's function
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May help maintain the lipid fluidity at a proper level by controlling the acyl chain interactions of neighboring fatty acyl chains.
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What is Ceramide?
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A sphingolipid involved in apoptosis
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What is a glycosphingolipid?
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Many carbohydrate molecules in a complex arrangement.
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What is a ganglioside?
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A glycosphingolipid with atleast one sialic acid or NANA
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Spingomyelin is not a
It is a |
Glycophospholipid
Phospholipid, but not a glycerophospholipid. |
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What are the general functions of sphingolipids?
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Prominent in nervous tissue
Lipid rafts The carbohydrate groups serve as recognition sites on the cell surface. Their composition changes during development and in cancer cells. They may be related to metastasis Some human blood groups are determined by the carbohydrate groups of certain sphingolipids. |
