Lecture 2 (Hsc 100)

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Science

Back 1

a systematic approach to answering questions/logical approach to gathering information or reaching a conclusion and includes following steps of scientific method

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Scientific Method Includes

Back 2

Observation > Hypothesis > Prediction > Experiment/Further Observation > Results > Conclusion goes back to either hypothesis or prediction

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Scientific Method Summary

Back 3

1. Capable of being falsified, counterfeited, or corrupted

2. Able to be proven false, and therefore is testable

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Double Blind Study

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Occurs when neither researchers nor participants know which group is receiving treatment

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Hypothesis

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Is a tentative answer to a well-formed question, an explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific problem can be tested by further investigation

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Theory

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set of statements or principles devised to explain a group of facts or phenomena, especially one that has been repeatedly tested or is widely accepted and can be used to make predictions about natural phenomena

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Controlled Study

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Contains variable and group

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Variable

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Experimental: is a variable that is purposely changed or manipulated. All other variable need to remain constant. Parameter that responds or changes is known as the dependent variable

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Groups

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Test group is a group of subjects that are exposed to the experimental variable. Control group is a group for comparison that is not exposed to experimental variable

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Catabolism

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Breaking down biological molecules into smaller components

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Clinical Trials

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Consist of several experimental groups that receive different dosages of the drug and a control group that receives a placebo (substance made to look like the drug)

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Building Blocks From Large to Small

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Matter --> Elements --> Atom

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Matter

Back 13

anything that has weight and takes up space

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Elements

Back 14

basic building blocks of matter that cannot be broken down by chemical means

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Atoms

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smallest units of an element that retain the element's physical and chemical properties

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Molecules

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made of atoms that are bonded together and they can be made of the same atom or different atoms

Front 17

Compound

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molecule that contains at least 2 different elements. All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules are compounds

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Covalent bonds

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strongest bonds they form when two or more atoms share the electrons in their outer shells

single < double < triple (weakest to strongest bonds)

Front 19

Ion

Back 19

atom or group of atoms with a positive or negative electrical charge/ iconic bonds weaker than covalent and opposites attract