Lecture 18 - Chapter 20 Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria

Front 1

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria: Enterobacteriaceae

Back 1

•Escherichia

•Enterobacter

•Salmonella

•Serratia
•Shigella

•Proteus

Front 2

Pathogenic Gram Negative Bacteria:

Enterobacteriaceae - multi-drug resistance

Back 2

•2nd class Carbapenem resistant
•Why resistant: Produce carbapenemases & extended spectrum beta lactamases

Front 3

Coliform Bacteria

(within Enterobacteriaceae)

Back 3

•Facultative anaerobe
•Ferment Lactose

•Gram negative bacteria
•Non-Spores
•Rod shaped

Front 4

Escherichia

Back 4

•Facultative anaerobic, non-spores

•Serotype (strains) cause disease

•Enterohemorrhagic. coli

•Enteroinvasive E. coli

•Enterotoxigenic E. coli

•Enteroaggregative E. coli

•Enteropathogenic E. coli

Front 5

Enterohemorrhagic E.Coli

EHC - Coliform Bacteria

Back 5

•Shiga-like toxin

•Acts on vascular endothelium

•Causes inhibition in protein synthesis

•Kills vascular endothelial cells

•Bloody diarrhea, little to no fever

•Leads to hemorrhage

•Complication: Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
•Antibiotic Controversial & supportive care

Front 6

Enteroinvasive E.Coli

EIC - Coliform Bacteria

Back 6

•No Shiga-like toxins

•Use surface protein, adhesin, attach to cells of intestines

•Invade & destruction of intestinal cells
•High fever, profuse bloody diarrhea

•Self-limiting; run course; if serious antibiotics

Hint 6

Goes into cell don't produce toxins

Front 7

Enteroaggregative E.Coli

EAC - Coliform Bacteria

Back 7

•Aggregate w/each other after attaching to intestinal cells

•Mucous blanket promote (bioform characteristic)

•Produce enterotoxins & cytotoxins induce inflammation

•Watery or mucoid diarrhea, low-grade fever

Hint 7

•Travelers diarrhea

• No clean water

• Newest class

Front 8

Enterotoxigenic E.Coli

ETEC - Coliform Bacteria

Back 8

•Activate intestinal cells to hypersecrete water & chloride into the lumen (loses water)
•Watery diarrhea, fever

•Antibodies produced for heat labile toxins

•Run course

Hint 8

Common traverlers diarrhea

Front 9

Enterotoxigenic E. Coli ETEC - Coliform Bacteria What are 2 types of toxin?

Back 9

•Heat labile toxins
•Heat stable toxins

Front 10

Enteropathogenic E.Coli

EPEC - Coliform Bacteria

Back 10

•No shiga-like toxin

•Attachment of organism to intestinal cells cause the destruction

•Water diarrhea, develop dysentery

Front 11

Treatment for Escherichia Coli

Back 11

•Meningitis (serious disease)
•UTI
•Cephalosporin (3rd generation; Gram -), Sulfamethoxazole & Trimethoprim

Front 12

Klebsiella

Back 12

•Facultative anaerobe

•Encapsulated
•Non-motile
•Oxidase negative

•Klebsiella pneumoniae

Hint 12

Front 13

Klebsiella causes

Back 13

•Immunodeficient patients
•Cholangitis (inflammation of bowl bile duct)

•Meningitis

•Pneumonia

•UTI

•URTI

Hint 13

•Alcoholics

•Drug addicts

•Steroid uses

Front 14

Klebsiella treatment

Back 14

•Intrinsic antibiotic resistance

•Molecular mimicry implicated in autoimmune diseases (host cell immune attack body)

•Sensitive study

Front 15

Serratia

Back 15

•Facultative anaerobic, ferments lactose

•S. Marcescens

•Nosocomial infections (elderly care homes; hospitals)

Hint 15

Front 16

Serratia Causes

Back 16

•Endocarditis (heart)

•Meningitis
•Pneumonia

•URTI

•UTI

Front 17

Serratia antibiotic resistance

Back 17

•Ampicillin

•Early generation Cephalosporin

•Macrolides

•Sensitive study

Front 18

Enterobacter

Back 18

•Facultative anaerobic

•E.aerogenes, E. cloacae

•Opportunistic & nosocomial infections

Hint 18

Front 19

Enterobacter causes

Back 19

•CNS infections (meningitis, encephalitis)

•Endocarditis

•Respiratory tract infections (pneumonia)
•Septic arthritis

•Tissue infections (cutaneous)

•UTI

Front 20

Enterobacter treatments

Back 20

•Aminoglycosides, Carbapenems, Fluoroquinolones
•Sensitive study (48-72)

Front 21

Enterobacter infections risk factor

Back 21

ICU care

Front 22

Proteus

Back 22

•Facultative Anaerobe,

•Breaks down urea (kills bacteria)

•Community acquired infections

•P. Mirabilis, P. Penneri, P. Vulgaris,

Front 23

Proteus causes

Back 23

•Endotoxin induced sepsis (gram -)

•SIRS (can't locate issue - 50% death)

•Struvite stones (collect in clumps)

•UTI (cathers)

Front 24

Proteus treatments

Back 24

•Cephalosporin

•Fluoroquinolone

•Vancomycin

Front 25

Morganella

Back 25

•Facultative anaerobe, oxidase-negative, catalase

•Endophthalmitis (fluids in eye)

•Meningitis

•Sepsis

•Septic arthritis

Front 26

Morganella treatments

Back 26

•Cephalosporin

•Extended spectrum β - lactam

•Fluoroquinolone

•Sensitive study (48-72)

Front 27

Providencia

Back 27

•Facultative anaerobic, catalase & urease positive

•P.stuartii, P. rettgeri

•Found in urine, & other bodily fluids

•UTI - long dwelling catheters (month)

Front 28

Providencia treatments

Back 28

•Carbapenem

•Cephalosporin

•Extended spectrum β - lactam

•Sensitive study (48-72)

Front 29

Providencia infections of the eye?

Back 29

•Conjunctivitis
•Endophthalmitis

•Keratitis