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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is another term for allergic rhinitis?
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Hay fever
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How long does it take for each type of hypersensitivity to occur?
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Type 1 --> 2-30 mins
Type 2 --> 5-8 hours Type 3 --> 2-8 hours Type 4 --> 24-72 hours |
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What Ab mediates anaphylactic hypersensitivity? What hypersensitivity type is this?
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IgE; this is type 1.
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What type of hypersensitivity can occur in any system?
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Type 4
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What type of hypersensitivity targets vasculature?
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Type 1
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What Ab type mediates type 2 hypersensitivity?
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IgG and IgM, which is logical since this is the hypersensitivity type that is associated with complement
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What is another name for type 2 hypersensitivity?
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Cytolitic
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What is cross-linked in type 1 hypersensitivity? What performs the cross-linking?
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Two Fc receptors with associated Ab are cross-linked by an allergen; this triggers the release of a bunch of stuff from the mast cell
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What type of hypersensitivity is associated with complement? What else is it called?
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Type II; cytolitic. Another is type III, or Arthus reaction hypersensitivity
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What type of hypersensitivity is mediated by immune complexes?
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Type II
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What type of hypersensitivity most directly relates to macrophage activation and inflammatory mediator secretion?
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Type 4
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In type I hypersensitivity, what cell type(s) release(s) stuff?
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Mast cells, basophils
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What are the important preformed mast cells mediators? Newly synthesized?
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Preformed --> Histamine
New --> Leukotrienes (C, D, E), cytokines (IL-4, 5, 6) |
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What type of hypersensitivity is associated with hay fever?
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Type I
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What type of hypersensitivity is associated with asthma?
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Type 1
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What are the two types of asthma?
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Allergic (extrinsic) and non-allergic (intrinsic)
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True or false: total serum IgE is elevated in all forms of asthma?
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False; it is elevated only in extrinsic asthma
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Does histamine constrict or dilate the bronchioles?
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Constrict
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What is detected in the RIST test? The RAST test?
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RIST is radioImmunosorbant test; thus there are bound Igs. These Igs bind IgE to assess the total amount of IgE production; they are anti-IgE.
RAST is radioAllergosorbent test; thus there are bound allergens. Patient serum is added, and if there are IgE Abs specific to the allergen, they bind. Thus this tests the amount of IgE present that is specific to an allergen. |
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What type of hypersensitivity are Th1 cells associated with? Th2 cells?
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Th1 --> Type 4 (DTH rxns)
Th2 --> Type 1 (IgE synthesis) |
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The blood type thing in infants is associated with what type of hypersensitivity?
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Type II
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When an Rh- mother carries an Rh+ child, at what point do the Rh+ RBCs enter the maternal circulation?
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When the baby is being delivered
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What drug is used to prevent the Rh+ mother IgM/IgG attack thing?
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Rhogam; this is an anti-Rh Ab; it is used to kill the Rh-presenting cells before they can trigger an immune response
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What is the Arthus reaction? What type of hypersensitivity is it associated with?
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A particular type of type 3 hypersensitivity. When an antigen is introduced by intradermal injection, immune complexes form if there is already some circulating Ab. These trigger inflammation through complment, and this is called the Arthus reaction.
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What type of hypersensitivity is associated with rheumatoid arthritis?
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Type III; get immune complexes deposited in the cartilage of joints
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Contact dermititis is an example of what type of hypersensitivity?
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Type 4
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Poison ivy causes what type of hypersensitivity?
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Type 4
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Tuberculin reaction is an example of what type of hypersensitivity?
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Type 4
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What is the primary risk factor of latex hypersensitivity?
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Repeated exposure; thus health workers commonly experience it
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