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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Retinacula
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holds tendons close to bones as crss ankle joint
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3 sets of muscles =
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3 sets of retinaculum
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Medial ligament
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Deltoid ligament
Attaches proximally to the medial malleolus & fans out to the talus, calcaneous and navicular bone via 4 ligaments: |
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Lateral Ligaments of the ankle
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-Anteriortalofibular
-posterior talofibular -Calcaneofibular |
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An Inversion sprain damages what ligament?
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The lateral ligaments
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Most commonly Sprained Ligaments
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1. Anterior talofibular
2. Calcaneofibular ligament |
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Eversion ankle sprains
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Damages the deltoid ligament and also the medial malleolus
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Snowboarder's Fracture
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Fracture of lateral Talus where it meets the calcaneus
-caused by twisitng motion while foot stays in place |
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Calcaneal Fractres
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- Common fracture ot the tarsal bones
-Can happen during a fall or jump from a height |
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Pott's Fracture
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fracture of fibula & tibia and medial malleolus= trimalleollar fracture
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Aviators fracture
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Fracture of the talus
-often due to forced dorsiflexion (autoaccident) |
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Metatarsal Fracture
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Direct Trauma (kicking, something heavy falling on you)
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Jone's Fracture
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5th metatarsal break
-Football injury (when someone falls on you) |
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Long plantar ligament
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From the calcaneus to cuboid grove
-forms tunnel for fibularis longus - lateral support of arch |
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Short Planatar Ligament
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Deep to the long plantar ligament
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Calcenonavicular "spring"
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Ligament- from sustentaculum tail to navicular bone
-forms sling for head of talus and keeps it in position -supports the highest part of arch |
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The arch of the foot is due to
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1. Shape of interlocking bones
2. strenght of plantar ligaments 3. Calcaneonavicular Ligament & long and short plantar ligaments 4. Plantar Aponeurosis 5 Action of muscles / bracing effect of their tendsons |
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Medial Longitudinal Arch
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formed by the calcaneus, talus, navicular, cuneiforms & the 3 medial metatarsals
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Lateral Longitudinal Arch
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calcaneus, cuboid & 4th & 5th metatarsals
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Transverse Arch
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Runs from medial to lateral
- FOrmed by thecuboid, cuneiforms and base of metatrsals |
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What are flat feet caused by? (Fallen Arches)
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Damage to the calcaneonavicular ligament (spring ligament)
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Morton' Neuroma
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Inflammation of nerve between the 3rd and 4th metatarsals
-thickening of nerve |
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What is the cause of Morton's Neuroma
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repetitive trauma
hammer toes -Pain is burning or sharp and constant |
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Plantar Fascitis
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Inflammation of the plantar apeonurosis
-Happens when it stretches irregulary and develops small tearst htat cause the ligament to become inflammed |
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Hammer Toe
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deformity 2nd. 3rd, or 4th toes
-Flexion at the PIP joint -Causes pressure onthe nail and end of toe |
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Hammer toes are cuased by?
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Shoes that don't fit or a muscle imbalance
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Claw Toes
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Hyperextension of the MP joint
and hyperflexion of the IP joints -High heels -usually seen in diabetic |
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Bunion
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an enlargment of the joint at the base of the big toe (MP joint)
-Bursa becomes inflammed and thickens causing lateral misalignment |
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Bunionette
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occurs at 5th MP joint
-causing tnederness, swelling and enlargment of joint |
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Corns
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Thickening of skin tissue
-result of pressure fromimporperly fitting shoes |
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Gout
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Form of arthritis
Occurs when mono-sodium urate crystals (uric acid) form on articular cartilage of joints, tendons, or surrounding tissue |
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What is Gout caused by
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protein rich foods
alcohol hereditary renal failure or other health conditions |
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If you have Gout you want to avoid what foods ?
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Foods that contain purine
- Cream sauces -Red meat -Sardines -Liver -Scallops |
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Club foot
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tighteness or shortenting of EDL, TA, EHL tendons
Causes a deformity of joints and tendons as well as misalignment of bones |
