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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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operons
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set of genes with related functions that are transcribed together
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Promoter clearance
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occurs after first bases are added to mRNA. signals release of sigma factor
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Termination signal for RNA polymerase
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inverted repeats followed by stretch of TTTT, causese stem-loop structure that makes RNA pol fall off
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-10 region for sigma 70 promorter
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TATAAT
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-35 for sigma 70 promoter
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TTGACA
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Promoter strength
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dependent on similarity to consensus. Deviations from consensus weaken sigma factor binding, therefore mRNA synthesis rate
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Shine Dalgarno Sequence
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Ribosome binding site (RBS). AGGAG
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initiation codons
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AUG, GUG
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Stop Codons
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UAA, UAG, UGA
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n region of protein secretion sequence
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polar amino acids, net positive charge
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h region of protein secretion sequence
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10 or so aas. Hydrophobic, insterted into the memrane
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c region of protein secretion sequence
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has cleavage site. Hydrophobic. Recognized by a signal peptidase
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Sec translocase
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translocates proteins while they are being translated
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How do you get mature (fully folded) proteins across the membrane?
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TAT (twin arginine translocation)
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Signal peptide on the n-terminus of an enzyme in TAT complex
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RRxxxK/R
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Lol complex
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accompanies sec in getting lipoproteins to the inner leaflet of the OM
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Type I secretion
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sec independent. Glycine rich. C term signal. similar to ABC transport
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Type II Secretion
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General secretory pathway (GSP). sec dependent. Uses GSP proteins
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Type III secretion
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Sec independent.specialized pilus like a syringe needle. Pathogens.
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Type IV secretion
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resembles type III, sec dependent
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Type V secretion
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autotransporter, simple system. no atp required.
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