Lecture 1.1 Anatomy Ch. 1

Front 1

Gross

Back 1

Surface observation/dissection--by the naked eye

Front 2

Surface

Back 2

external Structure (physicians exam of a patient)

Front 3

Systemic

Back 3

One organ system at a time

Front 4

Regional

Back 4

Multiple organ systems in a given region.

Front 5

Microscopic

Back 5

Analysis of tissues at the cellular level

Front 6

Comparative

Back 6

Across species to learn generalizations & evelutionary trends

Front 7

Inspection

Back 7

Physical apperance

Front 8

Palpation

Back 8

feeling structures w/ hands

Front 9

Auscultation

Back 9

Listening to sounds

Front 10

Percussion

Back 10

tap & Feel for resistance

Front 11

imaging

Back 11

Viewing internal structures w/ out surgery

Front 12

Radiography

Back 12

X-Rays: High energy radiation, Penetrate soft tissues, Low resolution

Front 13

Sonography

Back 13

High Frequency ultra sound waves, portable, inexpensive, not sharp imaging

Front 14

Computerized Tomography (CT)

Back 14

Low intensity X-Rays, High resolution, 3D, replaces exploratory surgery

Front 15

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Back 15

Alligns Hydrogen Atoms w/ magnetic field, very high resolution, can distinguish soft tissues, 3D, Expensive, Timely, non-portable

Front 16

Organism

Back 16

A single complete individual

Front 17

Organ System

Back 17

A group of organs that carry out a basic function of the organsism (circulation)

Front 18

Organs

Back 18

Structure composed of two or more tissue types that work together to carry out a particular function

Front 19

Tissue

Back 19

Mass of similar cells and cell products that forms a discrete region of a n organ and performs a specific function

Front 20

Cells

Back 20

The smallest units of a n organism that carry out all the basic functions of life

Front 21

organelles

Back 21

Microscopic structures in the cell that carry out specific functions

Front 22

Molecules

Back 22

A particle composed of at least two atoms

Front 23

1. Organized

Back 23

Energy used to maintain order (cells, DNA, fat, lipids)

Front 24

2. Metabolize

Back 24

Anabolism & Catabolism

Front 25

3. Respond

Back 25

Ability to sense and react to stimuli

Front 26

4. Homeostasis

Back 26

Ability for internals to stay the same when surrounding environment changes. (body temp)

Front 27

5. Grow

Back 27

Body grows through chemical change (altering molecules from food)

Front 28

6. Develop

Back 28

Differtiation= Transformation of cells w/ no specialized function to cells that are commited to a task

Front 29

7. Reproduce

Back 29

All produce self copies

Front 30

8. Evolve

Back 30

only in the population as a whole

Front 31

Kingdom

Back 31

Animalia

Front 32

Phylum

Back 32

Chordata

Front 33

Subphylum

Back 33

Vertebrata

Front 34

Class

Back 34

Mammalia

Front 35

Order

Back 35

Primates

Front 36

Family

Back 36

Hominidae

Front 37

Genus

Back 37

Homo

Front 38

Species

Back 38

Homosapiens

Front 39

notochord

Back 39

Dorsal flexible rod found only in the embryo (kingdom,Phylum)

Front 40

Pharyngeeal arches

Back 40

A series of bulges that develope in the pharngeal region. (kingdom Phylum)

Front 41

tail

Back 41

Extends beyond anus. (Kingdom Phylum)

Front 42

nerve cord

Back 42

spinal cord (Kingdom Phylum)

Front 43

1 vertebrae characteristic

Back 43

well-developed brand and sense organs

Front 44

2 vertebrae characteristics

Back 44

internal skeleton

Front 45

3. Vertebrae characteristics

Back 45

jointed vertebral column

Front 46

4. Vertebrae characteristics

Back 46

Cranium

Front 47

1. mammalia ch

Back 47

mammory glands

Front 48

2. mammalia ch

Back 48

hair

Front 49

3. mammalia ch

Back 49

endothermy

Front 50

4. mammalia ch

Back 50

heterodonty

Front 51

5. mammalia ch.

Back 51

mandible

Front 52

6. mammilia ch.

Back 52

three middle ear bones

Front 53

1. primate ch

Back 53

four upper annd lower incisors (front cutting teeth)

Front 54

2. primate ch

Back 54

pair of clavicles

Front 55

3. primate ch

Back 55

only two mammary glands

Front 56

4. primates ch

Back 56

forward eyes w/ sterioscopic vision

Front 57

5. primate ch.

Back 57

flat nails

Front 58

6. primate ch.

Back 58

opposable thumbs

Front 59

1. Homindae ch

Back 59

large brains

Front 60

2. Homindaae ch.

Back 60

complex speech

Front 61

3. Homindae ch.

Back 61

tool making

Front 62

4. Homindae ch.

Back 62

bipedalism (walking on two feet)

Front 63

Charles Darwin

Back 63

Wrote origin of Species and coined term "Natural Selection"

Front 64

Evolution

Back 64

Change in the genetic composition of a population of organisms

Front 65

adaption

Back 65

features of a species anatomy, physiologhy and behavior that have evolved

Front 66

vestiges

Back 66

reduced remnents of organs once used (pilocreoter, auricularis muscles)

Front 67

Supination

Back 67

palms face up

Front 68

pronation

Back 68

palms down

Front 69

frontal plane

Back 69

anterior and posterior

Front 70

transcerse plane

Back 70

superior and inferior

Front 71

saggital plane

Back 71

right and left

Front 72

Axial region

Back 72

head, cervical, and trunk

Front 73

thoracic

Back 73

above the diaphragm

Front 74

abdominal

Back 74

below the diaphragm

Front 75

Appendicular region

Back 75

upper and lower region