• Shuffle
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Alphabetize
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Front First
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Both Sides
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
  • Read
    Toggle On
    Toggle Off
Reading...
Front

Card Range To Study

through

image

Play button

image

Play button

image

Progress

1/24

Click to flip

Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;

Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;

H to show hint;

A reads text to speech;

24 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
continuous reinforcement
(CRF)
a schedule of reinforcement in which every occurrence of the instrumental response produces the reinforcer.
differential reinforcement of high rate
(DRH)
a reinforcement schedule in which a response is reinforced only if it occurs before a specified amount of time has elapsed following the preceding response.
differential reinforcement of low rate
(DRL)
a reinforcement schedule in which a response is reinforced only if it occurs after a specified amount of time has elapsed following the preceding response.
discrimination hypothesis
an explanation of the partial reinforcement extinction effect, according to which extinction is slower after partial reinforcement than after continuous reinforcement because the onset of extinction is more difficult to detect following partial reinforcement.
extinction
(in instrumental conditioning)
reduction of the instrumental response that occurs because the response is no longer followed by the reinforcer. also, the procedure of no longer reinforcing the instrumental response.
feedback function
the relation between rates of responding and rates of reinforcement allowed by a particular reinforcement schedule.
fixed interval scallop
the gradually increasing rate of responding that occurs between successive reinforcements on a fixed interval schedule.
fixed interval schedule
(FI)
a reinforcement schedule in which the reinforcer is delivered for the first response that occurs after a fixed amount of time following the last reinforcer.
fixed ratio schedule
(FR)
a reinforcement schedule in which a fixed number of responses must occur in order for the next response to be reinforced.
frustration
an aversive emotional reaction that results from the unexpected absence of reinforcement.
frustration theory
a theory of the partial reinforcement extinction effect, according to which extinction is retarded after partial reinforcement because the instrumental response becomes conditioned to the anticipation of frustrative nonreward.
intermittent reinforcement
(partial reinforcement)
a schedule of reinforcement in which only some of the occurrences of the instrumental response are reinforced. the instrumental response is reinforced occasionally, or intermittently.
interval schedule
a reinforcement schedule in which a response is reinforced only if it occurs after a set amount of time following the last reinforcement.
limited hold
a restriction on how long reinforcement remains available. in order for a response to be reinforced, it must occur during the limited hold period.
partial reinforcement extinction effect
(PREE)
the term used to describe greater persistence in instrumental responding in extinction after partial (intermittent) reinforcement training, than after continuous reinforcement training.
postreinforcement pause
a pause in responding that typically occurs after the delivery of the reinforcer on fixed ratio and fixed interval schedules of reinforcement.
ratio run
the high and invariant rate of responding observed after the postreinforcement pause on fixed ratio reinforcement schedules. the ratio run ends when the necessary number of responses have been performed and the participant is reinforced.
ratio schedule
a reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement depends only on the number of responses the participant performs, irrespective of when those responses occur.
ratio strain
disruption of responding that occurs when a fixed ratio response requirement is increased too rapidly.
response-rate schedule
a reinforcement schedule in which a response is reinforced depending on how soon that response is made after the previous occurrence of the behavior.
schedule of reinforcement
a program or rule that determines how and when the occurrence of a response will be followed by the delivery of the reinforcer.
sequential theory
a theory of the partial reinforcement extinction effect, according to which extinction is retarded after partial reinforcement because the instrumental response becomes conditioned to the memory of nonreward.
variable interval schedule
(VI)
a reinforcement schedule in which reinforcement is provided for the first response that occurs after a variable amount of time from the last reinforcement.
variable ratio schedule
(VR)
a reinforcement schedule in which the number of responses necessary to produce reinforcement varies from trial to trial. the value of the schedule refers to the average number of responses needed for reinforcement.