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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Who is the most at risk |
children under 6 lower socio-economic groups pica urban living cultural issues |
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Children under 6 |
hand to mouth behavior brain and nervous system most vulnerable physically closer to the source of lead |
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Lower socioeconomic groups |
increased absporption on an empty stomach low serum calcium and iron levels increases aborption less control over living conditions |
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Pica |
behavior of eating non-nutritive substances |
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Urban living |
pollution older buildings older soil older playgrounds |
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Cultural issues |
pottery packaging food from other countries |
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Sources of lead |
paint soil water hobbies glazes |
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Symptoms of lead poisoning Hematologic |
interferes with synthesis of hemoglobin leads to anemia anemia leads to increased lead absorption |
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Symptoms of lead poisoning Renal |
Damages the proximal tubules Glycosuria proteinuria ketonuria |
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What symptom is the most significant |
neurological effect because it is irreversible |
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Symptoms of lead poisoning neuro Severe |
massive levels of lead can lead to cerebral edema and encephalopathy |
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Symptoms of lead poisoning neuro low levels |
distractable impulsive hyperactive hearing impairment mild intellectual deficits behavior issues |
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Symptoms of lead poisoning neuro high levels |
lead encephalopathy mental retardation paralysis blindness seizures coma death |
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blood lead levels <10
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rescreen in 1 year |
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blood lead levels 10-19 |
lead education and follow up testing environmental history is obtained |
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blood lead levels 15-19 |
above + social service |
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blood lead levels 20-69 |
lead hazard control |
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blood lead levels 45-69 |
above+chelation therapy |
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blood lead levels >70 |
above+immediate chelation therapy
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Lead poisoning treatment prevention |
providing education hand washing identification removal of lead sources balanced diet |
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Lead poisoning treatment Facilitate chelation |
Calcium disodium edetate Succimer |
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Patient teaching IV/IM chelation |
painful may be viewed as punishment |
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Patient teaching PO chelation |
19 day course must be compliant |
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What is lead and chelating agents toxic to? |
KIDNEYS! |
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What measures must be taken before administering chelation agents |
obtain urinalysis strict I&O Increase fluids |
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Effects of Chelation |
risk for seizures if given high levels REbound effect- may need frequent blood drawings may need multiple chelations |
