Le- Knee Lectures

Front 1

The medial tibial plateau is __________ than the lateral tibial plateau.

Back 1

larger

Front 2

The patella is protected anteriorly by the ____________.

Back 2

prepatellar bursa

Front 3

Insertion of ITB:

Back 3

Gerdy's tubercle

Front 4

The Intercondylar fossa is within the capsule, however is not part of the __________.

Back 4

articular surface (and therefore, NOT covered with articular cartilage.)

Front 5

ACL primarily limits:

Back 5

anterior translation of the tibia.

Front 6

The PCL primarily limits:

Back 6

posterior translation of the tibia on the femur

Front 7

The MCL primarily limits:

Back 7

abduction (valgus force) and internal tibial rotation

Front 8

The LCL primarily limits:

Back 8

adduction (varus force)

Front 9

The ACL secondarily limits:

Back 9

internal tibial rotation

Front 10

The PCL secondarily limits:

Back 10

external tibial rotation

Front 11

The MCL secondarily limits:

Back 11

Anterior tibial displacement

Front 12

The LCL secondarily limits:

Back 12

anterior and posterior tibial displacement (and also some external tibial rotation)

Front 13

The ACL contributes most (limits anterior tibial translation) in _______degrees of flexion.

Back 13

30

Front 14

The anteromedial bundle of the ACL gets taut in ________.

Back 14

flexion

Front 15

The posterolateral bundle of the ACL gets taut in _________.

Back 15

extension

Front 16

In the ACL deficient knee, the _____ provides most of the anterior stability of the knee.

Back 16

MCL

Front 17

List the 8 dynamic stabilizers of the knee:

Back 17

Sartorius
Gracillis
Semitendonosus
Semimembranosus
Gastroc
Biceps femoris
ITband
Patellar tendon

Front 18

List the MEDIAL knee stabilizers:

Back 18

MCL
posterior oblique ligament
posterior medial capsule
ACL
PCL
medial patellar retinaculum
semimembranosus
pes anserine
medial head of gastroc

Front 19

List the LATERAL knee stabilizers:

Back 19

LCL
posterior lateral capsule
popliteus
arcuate ligament complex
PCL
ACL
lateral gastroc
biceps femoris

Front 20

List the ANTERIOR knee stabilizers:

Back 20

ACL
PL capsule
PM capsule
MCL
ITband
Posterior oblique complex
arcuate ligament complex

Front 21

List the POSTERIOR knee stabilizers:

Back 21

PCL
arcuate ligament complex
posterior oblique ligament
ACL

Front 22

The _________ meniscus is larger and "C" shaped.

Back 22

medial

Front 23

The _________ lateral meniscus is smaller and "O" shaped.

Back 23

lateral

Front 24

Primary functions of the menisci:

Back 24

load bearing &
stability

Front 25

Secondary functions of the meniscus:

Back 25

joint lubrication
prevent capsule, synovial impingement &
shock absorbers.

Front 26

The anterior meniscofemoral ligament:

Back 26

ligament of Humphrey

Front 27

The posterior meniscofemoral ligament

Back 27

ligament of Wrisberg

Front 28

The coronary ligaments attach the medial meniscus to the:

Back 28

tibia

Front 29

The __________ meniscus is less mobile and more at risk for tearing

Back 29

medial

Front 30

The anterior meniscofemoral ligament:

Back 30

ligament of Humphrey

Front 31

The posterior meniscofemoral ligament

Back 31

ligament of Wrisberg

Front 32

The coronary ligaments attach the medial meniscus to the:

Back 32

tibia

Front 33

The __________ meniscus is less mobile and more at risk

Back 33

medial

Front 34

The blood supply to the meniscus is divided into 3 zones. The __________ zone has the most blood supply, while the __________ zone has none.

Back 34

outer (red-red); inner (white-white)

Front 35

The _____________ ligaments increase stability of the knee joint by moving the _________ meniscus medially and anterior when the knee is in flexion.

Back 35

meniscofemoral; lateral

Front 36

The meniscofemoral ligaments run from the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus to the _______.

Back 36

lateral aspect at the medial femoral condyle

Front 37

The medial meniscus also has an attachment to the ____.

Back 37

MCL

Front 38

The popliteus tendon attaches to the ___________.

Back 38

posterior lateral corner of the lateral meniscus.

Front 39

The semimembranosus fascia attaches to the _______________.

Back 39

posterior lateral corner on the medial meniscus.

Front 40

Injury to posterior horn of the medial meniscus may cause a weakness in the semimembranosus fascia and a herniation of the joint capsule know as a __________.

Back 40

Baker cyst

Front 41

Transitory pain in the knee is indicative of ___________.

Back 41

a meniscal tear.

Front 42

Transitory pain of a torn meniscus includes: posterior pain in __________ and anterior pain in __________.

Back 42

flexion; extension

Front 43

The ___________ muscle has 2 separate innervations, which may lead to unsynchronized muscle firing and increased risk for injury.

Back 43

biceps femoris

Front 44

List the borders of the popliteal fossa:

Back 44

Semimembranosus
Biceps femoris
medial and lateral gastroc head

Front 45

List the contents of the popliteal fossa:

Back 45

popliteal artery and vein,
tibial and common peroneal nerves

Front 46

The trochlea is primarily responsible for patella stability from ___ degrees of flexion to full flexion.

Back 46

30

Front 47

From 20 degrees to 60 degrees to 90 degrees of flexion, the articulating surface of the patella migrates from the ______ pole to the _____ pole.

Back 47

inferior; superior

Front 48

At 135 degrees of knee flexion, not much of the patella is in contact with femoral condyles. Pain here may indicate pathology of the ___________.

Back 48

odd medial facet.

Front 49

Substantial variability in trochlear depth is seen in __________.

Back 49

trochlear dysplasia.

Front 50

Layer 1 of the medial soft-tissue stabilizers include:

Back 50

superficial medial retinaculum,
medial patellotibial ligament

Front 51

Layer 2 of the medial soft-tissue stabilizers include:

Back 51

medial patellofemoral ligament, superficial medial collateral ligament

Front 52

Layer 3 of the medial soft-tissue stabilizers include:

Back 52

medial patellar meniscal ligament

Front 53

Active, soft-tissue restraints of the knee include:

Back 53

VMO,
lateral retinaculum (VL and ITB),

Front 54

Joint reaction forces at PFJ during:
walking
stairs
squatting
running

Back 54

0.5 times body weight
3-4 times body weight
7-8 times body weight
8 times body weight

Front 55

Vascular supply of the knee:

Back 55

femoral artery, popliteal artery, genicular arteries
popliteal vein

Front 56

Innervation of the knee:

Back 56

Tibial nerve (L4-S3)
-sural nerve (L1-2)
Common fibular (L4-S2)
-superficial fibular (L4-S1)
-deep fibular (L4-S2)
Saphenous (L3-4)

Front 57

List the knees 6 degrees of freedom:

Back 57

Translation: AP (5-10mm), compression/distraction (2-5mm), mediolateral (1-2mm)

Rotations: flexion/ext -15 to 140 deg, varus/valgus- 6-8 degrees in extension, int/ext - 25-30 degrees in flexion