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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Language
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A socially shared code or conventional system for representing concepts through the use of arbitrary symbols and rule governed combinations of those symbols.
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Remarkable Features
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1. Children learn rapidly, and the critical period is within the first five to seven years.
2. Universality; All people learn language in the same progression. |
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Species Specifity
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Not something that others have developed.
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Communication
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The process of sharing between 2 or more people. Involves encoding, transmitting, and decoding.
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Communicative Competence
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The degree to which the speaker is effective. Its used to accomplish something and reliant on language.
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Paralinguistic Codes
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Signals that help people understand emotion. Pitch, inflection, etc.
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Non-Linguistic Cues
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Things you do with your body. Nothing vocal.
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Metalinguistic Skills
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Evaluating communication while you are doing it.
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Can you have communication without language?
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NO; you must have/use some kind of shared code (language) to be able to communicate.
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The Basic Rule Systems Found in Language
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Syntax
Morphology Phonology Semantics Pragmatics |
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Language - Three Components
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Form - Semantics
Content - Syntax, Morphology, Phonology. Use - Pragmatics |
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Syntax (Form)
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These rules specify word, phrase, and clause order; sentence organization; and the relationships between words, word classes, and other sentence elements.
Example: "Maddi the ball has thrown." |
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Morphology (Form)
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Rules governing the organization of words.
"He putted the plate on the table." |
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Phonology (Form)
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The rules governing the sounds used to make words. Errors can be adding, omitting, substituting sounds.
"Shing Shot" "Codorado" |
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Semantics (Content)
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Meaning of individual or groups of words.
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Pragmatics (Use)
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The study of language in context and concentrates on language as a communication tool that is used to achieve.
Pragmatics is concerned with the way language is used to communicate. Selection of appropriate form. Use of language form consistent with assumed roles. Use of ritualized forms. |
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Dialect
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Refers to a rule system variation. May affect education, employment status.
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Neuromuscular Behavior
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Respiration - Lungs
Phonation - Throat Resonation - Nose Articulation - Teeth, tongue, jaw. |
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Speech
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A medium for sharing language.
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"I goed to the store today."
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Morphological Error.
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Child Directed Speech
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A parent's adapted way of speaking to a child. It varies in many ways from speech to other adults.
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Emergentism
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One approach to language acquisition that views language as a structure arising from existing interacting patterns in the brain.
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