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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the bones in the fetal head?
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Frontal
Parietal Occipital |
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What sutures are present on the fetal head?
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Sagittal
Coronal Frontal Lambdoidal |
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What are the fontanelles on the fetal head?
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Anterior (bregma)
Posterior |
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What are the areas of presentation of the fetal head?
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Occipital
Vertex Sincipital:Head presentation of the fetus during birth in which the large fontanel is the presenting part. |
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In reference to anterior-posterior diameters, what is the suboccipitobregmatic
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The diameter of the fetal head from the lowest posterior point of the occipital bone to the center of the anterior fontanel.
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What is the occipitofrontal diameter? (anterior-posterior diameter)
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The diameter of the fetal head from the external occipital protuberance to the most prominent point of the frontal bone in the midline.
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What is the occipitomental diameter and what is its measurement? (anterior-posterior diameter)
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The diameter of the fetal head from the external occipital protuberance to the midpoint of the chin.
13.5 cm |
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Is the anterior-posterior diameter the smallest part?
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yes
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Which diameter is the shortest part?
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Transverse
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What are the 2 transverse diameters?
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biparietal (9.5 cm)
bitemporal |
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What is the false pelvis?
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The Greater or False Pelvis (pelvis major).—The greater pelvis is the expanded portion of the cavity situated above and in front of the pelvic brim.
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What is the true pelvis?
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The Lesser or True Pelvis (pelvis minor).—The lesser pelvis is that part of the pelvic cavity which is situated below and behind the pelvic brim. Its bony walls are more complete than those of the greater pelvis. For convenience of description, it is divided into an inlet bounded by the superior circumference, and outlet bounded by the inferior circumference, and a cavity.
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Premonitory Signs of Labors
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lightening
weight loss frequency of urination rupture of BOW increase in Braxton-Hicks Increase show energy - nesting |
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Late signs of labor...
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N/V/D; back ache; sacroiliac pressure. Relax in hormone.
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Lightening is
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sequence of passive movements of presenting part thru pelvis; dropping of baby. 2-4 wks before delivery - earlier in primips.
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Why is there weight loss?
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Because of hormone changes and decreased water retention, and decrease in amniotic fluid volume (2-3 lbs)
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Why is there an increase in frequency of urination?
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Pressure of baby on bladder.
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What is bloody show?
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appearance of blood tinged mucus - usually a late sign.
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What are the mechanics of labor (cardinal movements)?
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engagement
decent flexion internal rotation extension external rotation (Restitution) Expulsion |
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what is engagement?
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When largest transverse diameter of fetal head enters true pelvis.
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When does decent occur?
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Occurs through all the mechanics.
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When does flexion occur?
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Through all mechanics. The more flexion, the smaller the diameter. Baby's head enters pelvis, if pelvis is smaller than average, head will flex tighter until it fits.
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What is internal rotation?
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Head rotates to fit longest diameter of pelvis (from transverse to anterior-posterior)
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What is extension?
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The greater the diameter that presents, the more extension you get - hypertension.
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What is external rotation? Restitution
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Head realigns itself with shoulders. Shoulders turn to anterior-posterior to deliver. Externally see the head turn.
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Expulsion
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Delivery of shoulders. Can do anterior shoulder first if too wide.
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