Lbst 2102:exam 1

Front 1

Globalization

Back 1

Globalization refers to a multi-dimensional set of social processes that create, multiply, stretch, and intensify worldwide social interdependencies and exchanges while at the same time fostering in people a growing awareness of deepening connections between the local and the distant

Front 2

Globality

Back 2

Globality is “characterized by the existence of global economic, political, cultural, and environmental interconnections and flows that make many of the currently existing borders and boundaries irrelevant

Front 3

Implications of the shift from H/g to agriculture

Back 3

Ideal land areas. Shift in power structures. HG is largely egalitarian. Agriculture development of city states. Acquire new territories, technology, craftsmen. Socio-economic stratification.

Front 4

Atlantic Slave Trade

Back 4

population transfer of an estimated 12 million Africans to the new world colonies of SA, NA, and the Caribbean exchange largely between African monarchs and merchants and European nation-states/merchants ( Portugal, Spain, Britain, France)

Front 5

Triangular Trade

Back 5

1.The outward passage from Europe to Africa carrying manufactured goods. 2. The middle passage from Africa to the Americas or the Caribbean carrying African captives and other 'commodities’. 3. The homeward passage carrying sugar, tobacco, rum, rice, cotton and other goods back to Europe

Front 6

Colonial Situation in Africa (1914)

Back 6

volume of world trade dramatically increases multi-national banks emerge “branding develops” heyday of European colonization

Front 7

Indigenous

Back 7

“People who are the original inhabitants of a territory and who seek to maintain political control over their resources and cultural heritage” .Members of formerly independent tribal societies who are engaged in a contemporary struggle for autonomy and survival in a world dominated by national governments and commercial elites”. A group of peoples who identify themselves with a specific small scale cultural heritage”

Front 8

Culture

Back 8

society and its way of life or in reference to human culture as a whole

Front 9

Genocide

Back 9

The extermination of a human population

Front 10

Ethnocide

Back 10

The forced destruction of a cultural system

Front 11

Ecocide

Back 11

The degradation of an ecosystem

Front 12

Assimilation

Back 12

Immigrants settle into a new land and obtain new customs and attitudes.

Front 13

Acculturation

Back 13

Exchange of cultural features. Different cultures come in contact. Original culture is altered or distinct

Front 14

Self-Determination

Back 14

Autonomy (self government)

Front 15

Enculturation

Back 15

Reproducing culture

Front 16

Characteristics of small-scale cultures

Back 16

Community level resources. Subsistence level living. Self sufficient .Relatively egalitarian. Wealth-leveling mechanisms

Front 17

Characteristics of large-scale cultures

Back 17

Large populations. Urban power bases. Complex politics, economies, and technology: Politicization: Wealth based class system. Not self-sufficient

Front 18

Humanization Process

Back 18

Humanization (Sapienization) leads to culture. Culture leads to community. Beginnings as small scale. Distribution of social power and material goods: Domestic-through the household

Front 19

Politicization Process

Back 19

Large scale agriculture – to sedentary living – to population increases – to processes of politicization. Distribution of social power and material goods: politically – through rulers. Uneven distribution

Front 20

Commercialization Process

Back 20

Commercialization as today’s dominant cultural process. Unevenly distributed material benefits. Distribution of social power and material goods: commercially – through the markets