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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q. What aids automaticity of cardiac cells?
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Calcium
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Q. Phase 0?
Phase 1? Phase 2? Phase 3? Phase 4? |
Phase 0: Depolarization
Phase 1: Early Repolarization Phase 2: Plateau Phase Phase 3: Final Rapid Repolarization Phase 4: Resting Membrane Potential |
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Q. AUTOMATICITY?
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Ability to create an electrical impulse without being stimulated from another source
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Q. EXCITABILITY?
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Ability to respond to an outside stimulus
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Q. CONDUCTIVITY?
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Ability to receive an electrical impulse and conduct it to an adjoining cardiac cell
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Q. CONTRACTILITY?
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ability of myocardial cells to shorten in response to an impulse
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Q. REFRACTORINESS?
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a term used to describe the period of the recovery that cells need after being discharged before they are able to respond to a stimulus
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Q. Normal Pacemaker Rates for:
SA Node? AV Node? Purkinje Fibers? |
SA Node: 60-100 IPM
AV Node: 40-60 Impulses Per Minute Purkinje Fibers: Less then 40 BPM |
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Q. How long is the normal PR Interval?
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.12-.20 seconds
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Q. How long is the normal QRS complex?
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.04-.12 seconds
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Q. The ST Segment represents what?
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Interval between depolarization and repolarization
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Q. The T wave represents what?
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Represents the return of the ventricular cells to the resting state or rapid repolarization
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Q. Which interval would you check to see if a patient is on antidysrhythmics, tricyclic antidepressants or has an electrolyte imbalance?
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QT Interval
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Q. Name the heart condition: Rate – GREATER than 100 beats per minute
Rhythm – PP intervals regular P wave – Precedes each QRS complex; PR interval – 0.12 to 0.20 second (Normal) QRS complex – usually 0.04 to 0.12 second (Normal) |
Sinus Tachycardia
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Q. Name the Heart Condition: Rate – LESS than 60 beats per minute
Rhythm – PP intervals regular P Wave – precedes each QRS complex PR interval – NORMAL QRS complex – NORMAL |
Sinus Bradycardia
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Q. Name the heart condition: Rate – Normal
Rhythm – RR intervals IRREGULAR; phasic with respirations (Speed up and slow down with respiration) P wave – precedes each QRS; PR interval – NORMAL QRS complex – NORMAL |
Sinus Arrythmia
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Q. Name the heart condition:
Rate--Depends on Subsidiary Pacemaker. Rhythm – irregular; pauses or escape beats present P wave – normal during sinus rhythm; absent during sinus arrest PR interval – NORMAL QRS – NORMAL |
Sinus Arrest
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Q. What can cause a Premature Atrial Complex?
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Tension, stress, alcohol, caffeine, infection, fatigue, inflammation, electrolyte imbalance, medications (particularly digoxin), and myocardial ischemia
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Q. Name the heart condition: Rate: depends on underlying rhythm and frequency of PACs
RR: Underlying rhythm is regular, PREMATURE beats cause irregularity P wave is premature and precedes a QRS; may differ in shape of p waves originating in sinus node PR interval may be normal or prolonged QRS complex is 0.04 to 0.12; may be absent |
Premature Atrial Complex
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Q. Name the heart condition: Atrial rate usually 150 – 200;
RR: Usually regular rhythm P waves precede each QRS; there may be non-conducted p waves PR interval: Normal QRS complex: NORMAL |
Atrial Tachycardia
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Q. Name the heart condition: Atrial complexes exhibit a sawtooth appearance.
Atrial rate may be between 250 and 450 beats per minute |
Atrial Flutter
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Q. Name the heart condition: The atria quiver rather than contract at a rate of 300 – 600 beats per minute. May be caused by heart disease, fluid overload, or electrolyte imbalances.
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Atrial Fibrillation
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Q. What can atrial fibrillation result in?
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Decrease in cardiac output by 20 to 30 percent
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Q. Where do Junctional dysrhythmias originate in?
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AV junction
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Q. Name the heart condition: P wave may be inverted before or after the QRS, hidden in the QRS, or absent during the PJC.
PR interval will be LESS THAN 0.12 second if there is a p wave before QRS; otherwise not measurable QRS is NORMAL |
Premature Junctional Complex
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Q. Name 7 causes of a junctional rhythm?
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1. sick sinus syndrome, 2. rheumatic heart disease, 3. acute inferior wall MI, 4. drug toxicity, 5. electrolyte imbalance, 6. valvular disease, 7. cardiac surgery
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Q. Name the heart condition: Rate is 60-150 beats per minute
Rhythm is regular P wave may be inverted before, during, or after the QRS or absent PR interval is LESS THEN 0.12 if before QRS otherwise unmeasurable QRS is normal |
Accelerated Junctional
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Q. Name the Heart Condition: Rhythm is irregular during the PVC otherwise may be regular with underlying rhythm
P wave usually absent PR interval not measurable for PVC QRS is GREATER THEN 0.12 seconds and is premature, wide and bizarre T wave will be the opposite polarity of QRS deflection |
Premature Ventricular Contractions
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Q. Name the heart condition: Ventricular rate is typically 130-250 beats per minute
RR interval is usually IRREGULAR P waves may be present PR interval not measurable QRS is usually GREATER THEN 0.14 seconds |
Ventricular Tachycardia
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Q. Name the Heart Condition:
Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia with QRS complexes of changing amplitude giving it a spiral appearance. Ventricular rate of 160-250 beats per minute Rhythm is IRREGULAR QRS is wide, bizarre with changing amplitude and deflection |
Torsade de pointes
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Q. Name the heart condition: Appears as wavy, irregular undulations of varying amplitude and contour with no discernible QRS complexes, p waves, T waves, or ST segments
Ventricles quiver without any muscular contraction (Similar to Atrial Fibrillation) |
Ventricular Fibrillation
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Q. Name the heart condition: If there are no p waves and no QRS the rhythm is?
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Asystole
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Q. Name the heart condition: If there are p waves with no QRS the rhythm is?
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Ventricular Standstill
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Q. Name the heart condition: Rhythm is usually regular
PR interval is consistently prolonged at GREATER THEN 0.20 seconds QRS normal |
First Degree AV Block
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Q. Increasing prolongation of the PR interval until a QRS is dropped.
What people could this condition be normal in? |
Second Degree Type 1 Mobitz Type I
Young adults and athletes |
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Q. Name the heart condition: Usually occurs in the Bundle of HIS. PP intervals regular; RR regular until complex is dropped
PR interval is constant in conducted beats QRS is usually normal |
Second Degree Type 2 Mobitz Type 2
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Q. Name the heart condition: **Atria and ventricles beat independently of one another.
Atrial rate faster than ventricular rate. Ventricular rate LESS THEN 60 and is determinate on the location of the stimulus |
Third Degree Block Complete Heart Block
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