Law

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Execution of Juveniles

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Declared violation of customary law, prohibited by the Int'l Covenant on ICCPR, Subject of reservation on Icppr

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right to individual privacy

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set out by european convention on HR, EU charter on HR, and ICPPR

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Detainee treatment act of 2005

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initially sought to prohibit inhumane treatment of detainees and now limits their right to trial in federal court and excluded CIA operatives from being persecuted

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Grave breaches of Geneva convention are

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torture and inhumane treatment

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Extradition

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is treaty based, not requirement to extradite
can be refused on grounds of political action not crime
trial for certain crimes

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Genocide and terrorism

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both require proof of motive

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Targeted assassination by foreign operatives

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a violation of the target country's sovereignty and punishable as a war crime

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Command Responsibility refers to

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responsibility of those at the top for war crimes of subordinates

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Whats the progression of the EC into EU?

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Euro community created in 1957 with the treaty of the Rome, free movement of 4 components, was expanded in the 1986 Single european which expanded power over certain areas, 1992-Maastricht Treaty created the EU and expanded powers, gave legal personality, created EU citizenship and 2009 Treaty of Lisbon-made EC disappear, created intergovernmental organization, expanded parliament

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free trade agreements

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can lower or abolish tariffs between states, can be multi or bilateral, can include IP

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Associated Agreements

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EU can enter into agreements with third parties for economic support

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Customs union

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Tariffs are abolished btw signatory states and other countries get tariffs outside. Goods are made inside and those legally allowed from outside. EU is a customs union

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Single Market

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Signatory countries share the same currency, integrated policies and institutions. Eurozone has sixteen countries with same currency. Can be problematic with countries at different stages of development

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Dassonville

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Belgium wanted certificate of authenticity on whiskey which would discriminate against one nation over another

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Unfair Competition

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cultural and country based dishonest business practices. Some 2005 directives allow environmental regulations to prevent trade. Also national treasures