Latin America

Front 1

Chalchiuhtlicue

Back 1

"She of the jade skirt". The deity connected to the worship of ground water. Her shrines were by springs and streams.

Front 2

Coyolxauhqui

Back 2

The moon goddess.

Front 3

Huitzilopochtli

Back 3

The sun god.

Front 4

Quetzalcoatl

Back 4

The quetzal serpent. The name of the nature deity. Represented by a sculpture of a serpent coiled in a cone shape.

Front 5

Tlaloc

Back 5

The rain god. His name means " he who is the embodiment of the earth". This suggests he was identified with the earth and ground before evolving into a mountain god.

Front 6

TlaltecuhtliReR

Back 6

The earth lady. Represented as a crouching figure with an upturned grinning mask and a skull on it's back. Serpents and spiders were also associated with this deity.

Front 7

Teotihuacan

Back 7

The "avenue of the dead" because the mounds on the side look like tombs. The place where the gods were created. In 750 AD the city was burned.

Front 8

Tenochtitlan

Back 8

The capital and religious center of the Aztec Civilization. Overthrown by the spanish conquistadors in 1345 CE.

Front 9

Texcoco

Back 9

City built in the present day Valley of Mexico

Front 10

Valley of Mexico

Back 10

Became the heartland of the Aztec civilization. A large internally drained basin which is surrounded by volcanic mountains

Front 11

Mexica

Back 11

Indigenous people of the Valley of Mexico, known today as the rulers of the Aztec empire.

Front 12

Glyph

Back 12

A hieroglyphic character or symbol.

Front 13

Maize

Back 13

Corn. First domesticated in Mexico

Front 14

Nahuatl

Back 14

A member of a group of peoples native to southern Mexico and Central America. Also a Uto-Aztecan language.

Front 15

New fire ceremony

Back 15

An important festival that was held once every 52 years to welcome in the new calendar round.

Front 16

Ball game

Back 16

The object in the end was to get the ball through the stone hoop which was extremely difficult. Gambling was common over these games. Also took a political significance. This game was meant to mirror the ball court of the heavens.

Front 17

Chinampa

Back 17

A method of Mesoamerican agriculture which used small, rectangular areas of fertile arable land to grow crops on the shallow lake beds in the Valley of Mexico.

Front 18

Motecuhzoma

Back 18

The las independent ruler of the Aztec empire before the civilizations collapse. Expanded the empire and was considered a god by his people. His name meant "angry like a lord".

Front 19

1 Reed

Back 19

The first day of the "reed week" in the aztec calendar. This day is represented by the god Chalchiuhtlicue.

Front 20

Tlaxcalans

Back 20

Indians of central Mexico. Aided Cortes in his raid of the Aztec empire.

Front 21

Twin Pyramids

Back 21

Temple Mayor consisted of two stair pyramids. The left represented the mountain of Tlaloc and the right one represented the birthplace of Huitzilopolchatli.

Front 22

Toltec

Back 22

A member of central Mexico whose empire flourished from the tenth century until it collapsed under invasion by the Aztecs in the 12th century.

Front 23

Cortes

Back 23

A spanish conquistador who led an expedition that caused the fall of the Aztec Empire.

Front 24

Noche Triste

Back 24

The day Cortes and his army fought their way out of the Mexican capital after the death of the Aztec king Montezuma.

Front 25

Peasant

Back 25

A poor farmer of low social status who owns or rents a small piece of land for cultivation. Labor is controlled by a larger state system.

Front 26

Subsistence

Back 26

The action or fact of maintaining or supporting oneself at a minimum level.

Front 27

Replacement fund

Back 27

Saving for buying new tools and supplies.

Front 28

Ceremonial fund

Back 28

Saving for buying new tools and supplies

Front 29

Rental funds

Back 29

Compensation for the use of land

Front 30

Partible inheritance

Back 30

Land divided among two or more children

Front 31

Impartible inheritance

Back 31

Only one child receives the inheritance of land.

Front 32

Solar market system

Back 32

A system of markets where one central regional market is surrounded by several local one-day markets

Front 33

Part-society

Back 33

Peasants who make a living on the land he controls and is a marginal participant in the larger national society.

Front 34

Ladino

Back 34

People with mixed Spanish and native ancestry. Population of Guatemala.

Front 35

Mestizo

Back 35

A man of mixed race, especially the offspring of a Spaniard and an American Indian.

Front 36

Dyadic relationships

Back 36

Relationship between two people.

Front 37

Single-stranded relationships

Back 37

One purpose ties/connected to a person in one way.

Front 38

Syncretism

Back 38

The merging of different religions or cultures

Front 39

Type A religion

Back 39

Based on ideas, belief, and logic

Front 40

Type B religion

Back 40

Based on story, experiences and ritual actions.

Front 41

Nuclear family

Back 41

The immediate family.

Front 42

Liberation Theology

Back 42

A reflection on the following of Jesus of Nazareth from the viewpoint of the poor and oppressed. More specifically to those among the poor who are committed to their own liberation.

Front 43

Oscar Arnulfo Romero

Back 43

A bishop of the Catholic Church in El Salvador in 1977. He began to speak out on behalf of the poor and the victims of repression.

Front 44

Globalization

Back 44

The process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations.

Front 45

d

Back 45

d