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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
coverage of penicillins?
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G+
all cocci spirochetes |
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coverage of aminopenicillins (amoxicillin and ampicillin)?
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G+
HaPLESS creatures H. influenzae a Proteus Listeria E. coli Salmonella Shigella |
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name the anti-staphylococcals.
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nafcillin
oxacillin cloxacillin dicloxacillin |
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which of the anti-pseudomonals causes platelet dysfunction?
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ticarcillin
|
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name the anti-pseudomonal penicillins.
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TICarcillin
CARbenicillin PIPeracillin |
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what is a famous side effect of ampicillin?
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pseudomembranous colitis
|
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as you move from first to fourth generation cephalosporin, what changes?
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decr gram pos. coverage
incr. gram neg. coverage incr. CNS penetration incr. resistance to beta-lactamase |
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cephalosporins are inactive against which bugs?
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enterococci
MRSA Listeria monocytogenes Clostridium difficile |
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what is aztreonam? against what bug is it good for?
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cell wall synthesis inhibitor
aerobic gram neg. rods Pseudomonas Klebsiella Serratia |
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what is the coverage of 1st generation cephalosporins?
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G+ cocci (not MRSA)
some G- bacilli (Proteus, E. coli, Klebsiella) |
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name 2 1st generation cephalosporins.
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cephalexin
cefazolin |
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what 2nd generation cephalosporin is good against anaerobes, esp. B. fragilis. Also good with intra-abdominal sepsis and gyn sepsis.
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cefoxitin
"goes into the FOX hole" |
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what is the coverage of 2nd generation cephalosporins?
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same as first plus HEN
H. influenzae Enterbacter N. gonorrhea |
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name 4 second gen. cephalosporins.
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cefoxitin
cefuroxime cefotetan cefaclor |
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what is the 4th generation cephalosporin? what does it cover?
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cefepine
Pseudomonas and expanded G+ and G- over the 3rd generation |
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which 3rd gen cephalosporin works against pseudomonas?
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cefTAZidime
|
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what is the coverage of 3rd gen. cephalosporins?
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N. gonorrhea
Klebsiella Enterobacter E. coli Proteus H. influenza |
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name 3 third generation cephalosporins.
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cefTAZidime
cefTAXime cefTRIaxone |
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name the aminoglycosides. what do they cover?
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Streptomycin
Tobramycin Amikacin Neomycin Gentamycin G- enterics |
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name the tetracyclines. what do they cover?
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tetracycline
doxycycline demeclocycline first-line agents for CRaM Chlamydia Rickettsia a Mycobacterium and Borrelia |
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what antibiotic is used to treat SIADH?
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demeclocycline
|
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what is spectinomycin used for?
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N. gonorrhea in pts allergic to ceftriaxone
|
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uses for chloramphenicol?
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Rickettsia
H. influenzae N. meningitidis Bacteroides |
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name the macrolides.
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Macrolides:
Azithromycin Clarithromycin Erythromycin |
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coverage of erythromycin?
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same as penicillin (used in penallergic pts) plus
B a CLaM (think 'air'ythromycin) B. pertussis C. trachomatis, C. diphteria Legionella Mycoplasma |
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coverage of azithromycin?
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Air bugs (resp)
H. influenzae M. catarrhalis MAI (first line) |
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coverage of clarithromycin?
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extends erythromycin to include
H. influenza N. gonorrhea H. pylori MAI |
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coverage of clindamycin?
toxicity? |
severe infx by anaerobic bacteria like B. fragilis and C. perfringens
pseudomembranous colitis |
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name 3 fluoroquinolones.
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levofloxacin
ciprofloxacin moxifloxacin |
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what are the major uses of the fluoroquinolones?
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tract infx:
- urinary tract (also STDs) - respiratory tract - GI tract - eye tract - skin, bone and soft tissue |