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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Supraglottic |
Above the glottis |
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Glottis |
Opening of the vocal folds |
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Subglottis |
Space below vocal folds; composed of epithelial cells |
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Vocal Cords |
Found in larynx, paired, made of epithelial tissue, aducts(closes) and abducts(opens) |
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Intrinsic Muscles |
Muscles that have both origin and insertion on laryngeal cartilages |
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Extrinsic Muscles |
One attachment on a laryngeal cartilage and the other on a nonlaryngeal structure |
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Lateral Cricoarytenoid Muscle |
Attaches to the criod and musclar process of the arytenoid, an adductor, origin at the superior-lateral surface of cricoid cartilage; innervation by the X (10th) vagus nerve; paired, bring vocal chords together |
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Transverse Arytenoid Muscle |
Unpaired, an adductor a band of fibers spanning the posterior surface of both arytenoid cartilages; function is to pull two arytenoids together; innervation by the means of the inferior branch of the X vagus |
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Oblique Arytenoid Muscles |
Paired, adducts vocal chords; origin at the posterior base of the muscular processes to course obliquely up to the apex of the opposite arytenoid; "X" characteristic arrangement of the muscles; Innervation by the means of the inferior branch of the X vagus |
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Posterior Cricoarytenoids |
Paired; sole abducter of the vocal folds; contraction of this muscle pulls the muscular process posterirorly, active during inspiration, rotates each arytenoid; innervation by the reccurent laryngeal nerve of X vagus |
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Cricothyroid Muscle |
Composed of two heads (pars recta + pars oblique), paired, rocks thyroid downwards, stretches vocal folds; innervation by the externeral branch of the superior laryngeal nerve of the X vagus |
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Thyrovocalis Muscle |
Medial muscle; muscle of vocal chords, main portion of vocal folds; orgin at the inner surface of the thyroid cartilage by the thyroid notch, glottal tensor, tense the vocal chords; innervation by reccurent laryngeal nerve of the X vagus |
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Thyroarytenoid Muscle |
Consists of the thyrovocalis and thromuscularis muscle,arises from the lower thyroid angle |
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Makes up the most muscular portion of the vocal folds... |
Thyrovocalis and thyromuscularis |
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Adducts the vocal folds |
Lateral cricoarytenoid |
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Abducts the vocal folds |
Posterior cricoarytenoid |
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Lateral cricoarytenoid responsibility |
For rocking the arytenoid cartilage at its axis causing vocal folds to tio in slighty down |
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Suprahyoid |
Attaches to the structure above the hyoid. |
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Infrahyoid |
Consists of the sternohyoid and omohyoid |
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Laryngeal Elevators |
Muscles that elevate the hyoid and larynx |
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Laryngeal Depressors |
Muscles that depresses the larynx and hyoid |
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Diagrasticus Muscle |
Composed of two seperate bellies (anterior and posterior), anterior ans posterior portion elevates the hyoid |
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Anterior belly of diagrasticus innervation |
By mandibular branch of V trigeminal nerve via mylohyoid branch of the inferior alveolar nerve |
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Posterior belly of diagrasticus innervation |
Diagrastic branch of the VII (7th) facial nerve |
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Stylohyoid Muscle |
Paired, parallel to posterior belly of the diagrasticus muscle; lifts and contracts hyoid; Orgin on the prominenet styloid process of the termporal bone; innervation by the motor branch of the VII facial nerve |
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Mylohyoid Muscle |
Forms roof of mouth, raises tongue; origin on the underside of the mandible and courses to the corpus hyoid, elevates the hyoid and projects it forward; innervation by the alveolar nerve arising from the V trigeminal nerve mandibular branch |
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Geniohyoid Muscle |
Superior to the mylohyoid; origin at the mental spines projecting parallel to anterior belly of diagrastricus from inner mandibular surface; innervation by the XII (12th) hypoglossal nerve |
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Hyoglossus Muscle |
Lingual (tonuge depressor); laterally placed muscle; origin from the entire superior surface of greater cornu of hyoid and inserts into the side of the tonuge; innervation by the motor branch of XII hypoglossal |
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Genioglossus Muscle |
Lingual (tongue) depressor |
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Thyropharyngeus Muscle of Inferior Constrictor |
Constitutes the inferior pharyngeal constrictor; involved in propelling food through the pharynx; arises from the posterior pharyngeal raphe; innervation by the branches from the X vagi and by the recurrent laryngeal nerves of the vagi |
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Sternohyoid Muscle |
Runs from the sternum to hyoid; origin from the posterior-superior region of the manubrium sterni as well from medial end of the clavicle; innervation by the ansa cervicalis (cervical loop) arising from C1 through C3 spinal nerves |
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Omohyoid Muscle |
A muscle with two bellies; superior belly terminates on the side of the hyoid corpus, inferior belly has its origin on the upper corder of scapula; the bellies are joined at intermediate tendon; passes deep to the sternoclediomastoid along with the deep cervical fascia; the superior belly is innervated by the superior ramus of the ansa cervicalis arising C1 spinal nerve whereas the inferior belly is inntervated by the main ansa cervicalis arising from C2 and C3 spinal nerves |
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Sternothyroid Muscle |
Contraction of thismuscle depresses the thyroid cartilage; orgin at the manubrium sterni and first costal cartilage inserting into the oblique line of thyroid cartilage; innervation by the fibers from the spinal nerves C1 and C2 that pass in the hypoglossal nerve |
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Thyrohyoid Muscle |
Coursing from oblique line of thyorid cartilage to inferior margin of greater cornu of hyoid bone, this muscle either depress the hyoid or raise the larynx; innervation by fibers from spinal nerve C1 that course in the hypogloddsl nerves |
