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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the deciduous dental formula for a horse?
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2(I 3/3, C 0/0, P 3/3)
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What is the permanent dental formula for the horse?
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2(I 3/3, C 1/1, P 3-4/ 3-4, M 3/3)
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What are some clinical signs for dental or sinus disease?
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Abnormal mastication
Weight loss Head shaking Lacerations of tongue or cheek Change in response to bit Malodorous breath Quidding Swelling of face or jaw Draining tracts Unilateral nasal discharge |
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What is brachygnathism?
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Short mandible (parrot mouth)
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What is prognathism?
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Long mandible
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Which tooth is the wolf tooth?
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1st premolar
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What is the treatment for primary sinusitis?
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Abx if bacterial
Sinus lavage |
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What are some possible causes of tooth root abscess?
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Direct exposure - fractures of tooth or jaw
Indirect exposure - periodontal disease or patent infundibulum Hematogenous |
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What are the clinical signs of a tooth root abscess?
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Unilateral nasal discharge
Maxillary or mandibular swelling Draining tract, foul odor, quidding Head shaking and other behavior changes Weight loss, lethargy, colic, poor performance |
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True or false:
Tooth root abscesses are easily diagnosed by radiograph |
False - only 50% accuracy of diagnosis
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What non surgical treatment is used for tooth root abscesses?
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Abx therapy
Lavage sinus Oral extraction of affected tooth |
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What surgical treatment can be used for a tooth root abscess?
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Tooth repulsion (trephination or sinus flap)
Root canal Drainage of apical abscess Fixation of fractures that involve dental structures |
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What are the boundaries of the maxillary sinus?
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Infraorbital foramen
Medial canthus of the eye Facial crest |
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What bones make up the maxillary sinus?
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Maxilla
Lacrimal bone Zygomatic bones |
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What are the borders of the frontal sinus?
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Rostral border - point at which the nearly parallel nasal bones begin to diverge
Caudal border - transverse plane from ear to lateral canthus of eye |
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What structure is on the floor of the frontal sinus?
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Ethmoid turbinates
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Where are PM2 and PM3 located before they erupt?
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Rostral to the rostral maxillary sinus
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Where are PM 4 and M1 before they errupt?
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PM 4 and half of M1 are in the rostral maxillary sinus
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Where are M1, M2, and M3 before they erupt?
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Caudal half of M1, M2, and M3 are in the caudal maxillary sinus
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What are indications for a flap sinusotomy?
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Removal of sinus cysts, ethmoidal hematomas, neoplasia, tooth repulsion
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What should you do to protect the airway during sinus surgery?
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Perform a tracheotomy before surgery
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Since sinus surgery is bloody, what should you be prepared to do?
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Blood transfusion!
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What horses most commonly get sinus cysts?
What are the clinical signs? |
Young horses
Facial deformity |
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True or false:
Ethmoid hematomas tend to recur |
True
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What are the most common types of sinonasal neoplasia?
What are the clinical signs? |
SCC
Adenocarcinoma Adenoma Undifferentiated carcinoma Bone tumors Signs: Mucopurulent nasal discharge, facial deformity |
