Large Animal-Lecture 1 (Chapters 1&2)

Front 1

What is a fetotomy?

Back 1

This is cutting the fetus to amputate portions of the body as needed to get into position for delivery.

Front 2

What is Mutation and Delivery by traction?

Back 2

Manipulation of the fetus in the uterus with chains/eye hooks/snares as needed. Then mechanical or manual delivery.

Front 3

What are the 3 methods for treating Dystocia?

Back 3

1. Mutation and Delivery by traction 2. Fetotomy 3. Cesarian Section

Front 4

What are the two causes of Dystocia?

Back 4

Fetal or Maternal

Front 5

Which is the most common cause of Dystocia?

Back 5

Fetal is the most common.

Front 6

Dystocia is what? This is common in who?

Back 6

Difficult birth. Common in first time mothers.

Front 7

There are 3 stages of labor. What are they?

Back 7

Stage 1. Restlessness/preparatory stage Stage 2. Expulsion of fetus Stage 3. Passage of Placenta

Front 8

The delivery of the baby from the female after gestation is called____. (This is the period of pregnancy)

Back 8

Parturition

Front 9

When a donors uterus is flushed to retrieve an embryo that will be implanted and evaluated, this is called_______.

Back 9

Embryo Recovery

Front 10

When a fertilized egg is placed into a recipient female to maintain and deliver a baby, this is called ______.

Back 10

Embryo Transfer (ET)

Front 11

The placement of fresh or frozen semen directly into the female reproductive tract with the use of a pipette is called ______.

Back 11

Artificial Insemination (AI)

Front 12

What method is used when you give hormone shots to bring a large group of females into heat at the same time?

Back 12

Estrus Synchronization

Front 13

This is used prior to breeding season to evaluate if an individual is a good candidate for breeding.

Back 13

Breeding Soundness Exams (BSE)

Front 14

What is happening during the Estrus cycle?

Back 14

High estrogen, release of Luteinizing hormone (LH), egg is released.

Front 15

List the 5 parts of the Estrous Cycle in order.

Back 15

Proestrus, Estrus, Metaestrus, Diestrus, Anestrus

Front 16

_____is using breed standards for what is perfect in that breed. (ie. Brad Pitt.... :D) A. Grading up B. Conformation C. Purebreeding

Back 16

B. Conformation

Front 17

______ is a grade bred to purebreed. A. Grading up B. Conformation C. Purebreeding

Back 17

A. Grading up

Front 18

____ Is breeding different lines within the breed. (ie. Two Eyed Jack to Smart Little Lena) A. Crossbreeding B. Purebreeding C. Outcrossing

Back 18

C. Outcrossing

Front 19

____ is the breeding of the same breeds. A. Crossbreeding B. Purebreeding C. Outcrossing

Back 19

B. Purebreeding

Front 20

_____ increases the genetic diversity (heterosis) of animals. (ie. Angus to Hereford, Brahman to Angus) A. Crossbreeding B. Outcrossing C. Crossbreeding

Back 20

C. Crossbreeding

Front 21

____is classified as the same generations to certain parents. (ie. all litters have several generations to one stud.) A. Pedigree B. Breeding Systems C. Linebreeding

Back 21

C. Linebreeding

Front 22

______ Is the breeding of related parents. A. Inbreeding B. Linebreeding C. Breeding systems

Back 22

A. Inbreeding

Front 23

______is looking at lines/parents to predict the outcome of offspring. A. Linebreeding B. Pedigree C. Linebreeding

Back 23

B. Pedigree

Front 24

________is the value of breeding between two animals. A. Pedigree B. Inbreeding C. Esimated Breeding values

Back 24

C. Estimated breeding values

Front 25

If you want to move a pig, what is the easiest way to do so?

Back 25

Put a bucket over their head.

Front 26

What is the hog snare? How is it performed?

Back 26

The hog snare is one way of pig restraint. The handler walks up beside the pig, slips the loop over the upper jaw just in front of the cheek teeth. The pig will then resist and pull away which tightens the loop. Helpful when you need to do examinations or sample collection.

Front 27

When working with sheep, what is the best way to restrain them?

Back 27

Flip them onto their rump, called "setting up". Then balance them between your legs.

Front 28

When controlling a horse, what is the one thing that you should be in control of at all times? (This ensures that you can get the horse to move the way you want it.)

Back 28

The head.

Front 29

How often should you shear sheep, llamas, and alpaca?

Back 29

Sheep can be sheared in early spring, possibly again in late summer. Llamas and Alpacas once yearly.

Front 30

What is the difference between sheep wool, and Llama/Alpaca hair?

Back 30

Llama/Alpaca hair has no Lanolin.

Front 31

What is Mohair?

Back 31

It is a goat fiber, similar to wool.

Front 32

Name one precaution that pork farmers will take when coming in and out of the pig facilities, in order to control diseases.

Back 32

Shower in/shower out.

Front 33

In the pork industry, there are four different types of production systems, what are they?

Back 33

Farrowing, growing or nursery, finishing, and farrow to finish. (farrow to finish is where all phases of production are accomplished on one farm.

Front 34

What is/causes Boar taint in pigs, and how can we avoid it?

Back 34

Boar taint is a bad smell in the meat caused by testosterone. This can be avoided by castrating the males.

Front 35

What is "springing"?

Back 35

Just before the calf comes, when the udders start to fill up with milk.

Front 36

During the fourth phase of the dairy cycle, or the "dry period" what is happening?

Back 36

This is rest time for the cow/goat to build up energy reserves for the next lactation and allow the calf to grow (for about 60 days).

Front 37

In the third phase of the dairy cycle or "late lactation", what is happening?

Back 37

milk is starting to slow down, the calf is getting very large.

Front 38

In the second phase of the dairy cycle, "peak milk to mid lactation" what is happening?

Back 38

The calf or kid continues to grow. Milk is being produced.

Front 39

In the dairy cycle, what happens during the first cycle, or "freshening"?

Back 39

When the cow or goat first has the baby, milk production starts and continues to increase.

Front 40

What are the 4 phases of the dairy cycle in goats and cows?

Back 40

1. Freshening 2. Peak milk to mid lactation 3. Late lactation 4. Dry period

Front 41

A ________ or _________ milks the individual cows in their stall, the milk is then sent to a bulk tank.

Back 41

Pipe line or milking machine

Front 42

A __________ is a pit for the milker to apply the milking machine to the udder of the cow.

Back 42

Milking parlor

Front 43

a. free stall barns

Back 43

___ Cows in designated stalls, tied by the neck. Stay in during

Front 44

Name 2 types of stall systems that are used in the dairy industry.

Back 44

Free stall barns, tie stalls

Front 45

What is one factor that can lead to disease in livestock?

Back 45

Stress

Front 46

How can the livestock industry decrease their income losses?

Back 46

Better preventative medicine Decrease disease and stress.

Front 47

How does the livestock industry lose 20% of its income?

Back 47

Parasites, toxins, disease.

Front 48

Give at least 2 uses for the livestock industry.

Back 48

Food, clothing, leather, by-products, methane gas, medications, research, recreation.

Front 49

Who is the world's largest exporter of agricultural products?

Back 49

The United States

Front 50

What is the number one health problem in the livestock industry?

Back 50

Malnutrition/Death