Lare Section 4 (Ray's Workshop - Revised)

Front 1

A ________ provides a transition between two sloped roadways, allowing a vehicle to negotiate the elevation rate change at a gradual rate rather than a sharp cut.

Back 1

vertical curve

Front 2

Typically, the side of a swale should be no steeper than _______ and the most common longitudinal slope for a swale is _______.

Back 2

3:1

2%

Front 3

Swales should be a minimum of ______ deep.

Back 3

6"

Front 4

In the US rainfall is generally measured in ______.

Back 4

CFS (Cubic Feet per Second)

Front 5

A cubic foot contains _________ gallons of water?

Back 5

7.5 gallons

Front 6

What do the letter in Q=CIA stand for?

Back 6

Q =Peak Discharge in CFS

C = Composite Runoff Coefficient for the

watershed

I = Rainfall Intensity in inches per hour

A = Area of watershed in acres

Front 7

_________ square feet in one acre?

Back 7

43,560

Front 8

The time in minute that it takes a drop of water to travel from the hydrologically most distant point in a watershed to the outlet. Used to calculate the I value in Q=CIA.

Back 8

Time of Concentration (Tc)

Front 9

Equation used to calculate swale, channel, and gutter capacity and pipe sizing.

Back 9

Manning's Equation

Front 10

What are the 5 basic types of foundations?

Back 10

1. Slab on Grade

2. Pier and Grade Beam

3. Spread or Strip Footing with Crawl Space

4. Spread Footing with Basement

5. Pole Foundations

Front 11

When determining FF elevations based on boring information it is often useful to create a ________ which includes _________.

Back 11

A Matrix

The names of each bore location

Existing Grade Elevation

Bedrock Elevation

Finish Floor Elevation

Front 12

At least ________% of public entrances must be ADA compliant.

Back 12

50%

Front 13

Minimum clear width for an ADA path?

Back 13

3' (36")

Front 14

Maximum rise at a door threshold?

Back 14

1/2"

Front 15

Minimum width of curb ramp (exclusive of flared sides).

Back 15

3' (36")

Front 16

Landing depth at top of curb ramp?

Back 16

4' (48")

Front 17

Max slope of flared sides of curb ramps?

Back 17

1:10 (0.1 or 10%)

Front 18

Ramp landings are required for every _______ of vertical gain?

Back 18

2.5' (30")

Front 19

Ramp landings are required for every ______ of horizontal change?

Back 19

30'

Front 20

Ramp landing shall be a minimum of ________ clear?

Back 20

5'

Front 21

If a ramp has a rise greater than ______ or a run greater than _______ a _______ is required.

Back 21

6"

6'

Handrail

Front 22

All handrails shall have a circular cross section with an outside diameter of at least _______ and no greater than _______.

Back 22

1 1/4"

2"

Front 23

Stair nosing shall have an angle not less than ________?

Back 23

60 degrees

Front 24

Stair nosing shall not project more than _______?

Back 24

1 1/2"

Front 25

Steps over ________ shall have handrails on both sides of the stairway.

Back 25

42"

Front 26

Top of handrail gripping shall be between ______ and ______.

Back 26

34" - 38"

Front 27

On exterior stairs all tread are to have a ________.

Back 27

Warning Strip (2"-4")

Front 28

Water loving plants are called?

Back 28

Hydrophilic Plants

Front 29

Complete saturated soils with no oxygen in the soil for a period of time.

Back 29

Hydric Soils

Front 30

Three aspects of wetlands mitigation that will insure a successful project.

Back 30

1. Monitoring and Maintenance Plan

2. Contingency Plan

3. A guarantee that the work will be performed as planned and approved.

Front 31

Common types of sedimentation controls include...

Back 31

1. Silt Ponds and Basins

2. Sediment Traps

3. Silt Fences

4. Hay Bales

Front 32

Common erosion control measures....

Back 32

1. Vegetated Swales

2. Jute Netting

3. Mattion

4. Deep Rooting Plants on Steep Slopes

5. Channel Lining or Armoring

6. Biotechnical Stabilization Methods

Front 33

Two primary goals of LID?

Back 33

1. Minimize the generation of stormwater runoff

2. Treat pollutant loads where they are generated

Front 34

Sediment and Erosion Control Plans typically include these three things:

Back 34

1. Narrative

2. Maps and Plans

3. Construction Sequence

Front 35

Sediment control devices consist of two parts:

Back 35

1. A filter

2. A storage area

Front 36

Three types of construction documents:

Back 36

1. Comprehensive Construction Documents

2. Design Control Drawings

3. Annotated Plans and Typical Details

Front 37

Four types of technical specifications:

Back 37

1. Descriptive

2. Performance

3. Proprietary

4. Reference

Front 38

Specifications that states in thorough detail the materials required and the methods and standards of workmanship to be used to install a specific item.

Back 38

Descriptive Specification

- also called "Prescriptive" or "Materials and Workmanship" or " Design" Specifications

Front 39

Specifications used when the LA desires the Contractor to match an existing condition. Also may be used when the appearance of the specified item is not an issue so long as certain criteria are met.

Back 39

Performance Specification

Front 40

Specification that indicates a specific product made by one manufacturer.

Back 40

Proprietary Specification

Front 41

Specifications that are based on standards which have been established for some materials, installation techniques or testing procedures.

Back 41

Reference Specification

Front 42

These systems, of which each state has it's own point of origin, act as the official horizontal controls for all survey work and construction in the US.

Back 42

State Plan Coordinate System

Front 43

A fixed point on the ground who's location and relative elevation is know.

Back 43

Benchmark

Front 44

Series of connected lines, as in property lines.

Back 44

Traverse

Front 45

Horizontal angel relative to true north or south.

Back 45

Bearings

Front 46

Level plane to which elevations are referenced.

Back 46

Datum

Front 47

Dimensioning technique requiring the highest level of accuracy - to 1/1000th of a foot or less. Used for right of way, easement, property lines and building locations.

Back 47

Fixed Construction

Front 48

Dimensioning technique covering most hardscape and structural elements - to 1/8th or 1/100th of a foot.

Back 48

Semi-Fixed Construction

Front 49

Dimensioning technique that does not require a high degree of accuracy and may be subject to adjustment based on field observation.

Back 49

Adjustable Elements

Front 50

Layout system used for linear elements such as roads. Points on the baseline describe the location from the point of beginning.

Back 50

Stationing System

POB = 0+00

Front 51

System where the direction and length of a line are based on its orientation to true north. Never exceed 90 degrees.

Back 51

Bearing and Distance

Front 52

Angular directions measured clockwise from true north and run from 0º to 360º

Back 52

Azimuths

Front 53

Dimensioning system where the site is laid out on a grid and each element on the site is laid out by giving the coordinates of two of more points on the element. Highly accurate and commonly used by civil engineers

Back 53

Grid Coordinate Dimensioning System

Front 54

Point at which a curves tangents intersect.

Back 54

Point of Intersection (P.I.)

Front 55

Point at which a curve leaves a tangent line.

Back 55

Point of Curvature (P.C.)

Front 56

Point at which a curve intersects with tangent.

Back 56

Point of Tangent (P.T.)

Front 57

Beginning of Layout

Back 57

Point of Beginning (P.B.)

Front 58

A straight line between the Point of Tangency (P.T.) and Point of Curvature (P.C.)

Back 58

Chord

Front 59

Septic System Elements (in order)

Back 59

1. Tight line from house

2. Septic Tank

3. Tight line

4. Diversion Valve

5. Perforated pipe

Front 60

1' of head = ________ psi

Back 60

.433

Front 61

.433 psi is lost or gained with each _____ in elevation

Back 61

foot

Front 62

1.0 psi = _______ of head

Back 62

2.31'

Front 63

The greatest amount of pressure is lost at the _____ in an irrigation system.

Back 63

Backflow Preventer

Front 64

Basic Order of Elements in an Irrigation System

Back 64

1. Water Meter

2. Isolation Valve

3. Backflow Preventer

4. Pressure Regulation Valve (if needed)

5. Quick Coupler

6. Irrigation Laterals

Front 65

Five types of specialty plans new to LARE Exam?

Back 65

1. Signage and Wayfinding Plan

2. Traffic Control Plan

3. Emergency Access Plan

4. Soil Boring Plan

5. Site Infrastructure Plan (Utility Plan)

Front 66

A quantitative measurement of the light energy emitted from a source.

Back 66

Lumens

Front 67

Equal to one lumen per square meter.

Back 67

One Lux

Front 68

A quantitative measurement that considers the amount of light falling on a point.

Back 68

Footcandle

Front 69

Graphic and numeric representation of light levels produced by a given light fixture or lamp.

Back 69

Photometrics

Front 70

The amount of light reaching a surface.

Back 70

Incident Illumination

Front 71

Involves running heavy vehicles (water truck) over existing subgrade to identify soft spots.

Back 71

Proof Rolling

Front 72

Aggregate graded select sizes which when combined, form a medium lacking voids.

Back 72

Dense Graded (well graded) Aggregate

(Class II Cal Tran Ag.)

Front 73

Aggregate graded for a single size aggregate to allow for voids - jagged edges of particles interlock to form stable base.

Back 73

Open Graded Aggregate

(Permeable Paving)

Front 74

Aggregate graded with a select size omitted.

Back 74

Gap Graded Aggregate

(Some small, some large, medium sizes omitted)

Front 75

The chemical inhibition of one plant (or other organism) by another, due to the release into the environment of substances acting as germination or growth inhibitors.

Back 75

Allelopathy

Front 76

A substance or material applied to a plant, as by spraying, to inhibit moisture loss during transplanting.

Back 76

Antidessicant

Front 77

The most common test for concrete - used to determine the suitability of the mix before a pour.

Back 77

Slump Test

Front 78

Concrete test to determine the compressive strength of concrete.

Back 78

Cylinder Test

Front 79

Ideal temperature range for pouring concrete?

Back 79

50 - 70 degrees

Front 80

Extreme ranges for pour concrete (extra care must be taken)?

Back 80

40 - 100 degrees

Front 81

Rebar is measure in what increment?

Back 81

1/8"

Front 82

In concrete, ______ are placed at 30' max intervals. When a _____ is present is prevents differential settlement. A ______ must be applied to one side of the _____ to permit horizontal movement.

Back 82

Expansion Joints

Steel Dowel

Sleeve

Steel Dowel

Front 83

For concrete paving, ______ are used when construction is stopped for more than 30 mins.

Back 83

Cold Joint

Front 84

________ is used for attached stone veneer panels to concrete wall.

Back 84

Z-anchor

Front 85

______ is used when mounting to the surface of existing concrete.

Back 85

Expansion Bolt

Front 86

Generic term that applies to a bolt embedded in wet poured concrete.

Back 86

Anchor Bolt

Front 87

A type of anchor bolt with a bend that prevents pullout under extreme force?

Back 87

J Bolt or L Bolt

Front 88

Metal anchors used to attached masonry veneer to CMU block core.

Back 88

Cavity Wall Tie

Front 89

Elements in a deck weight transfers through - top to bottom?

Back 89

Decking

Joist

Beams

Post

Footings

Subgrade

Front 90

A beam is piece of wood laid _____ with its width in the _______ plane.

Back 90

Horizontally

Vertical

Front 91

A wall higher than _____ ft requires calculations from a structural engineer.

Back 91

4'

Front 92

Type of wall that is held in place by its own weight and has a battered face.

Back 92

Gravity Wall

Front 93

Most common retaining wall. The weight of the soil on the footing prevents overturning.

Back 93

Cantilever Wall

Front 94

Type of wall that used a buttress system and is typically designed by engineers?

Back 94

Counterfort Wall

Front 95

The horizontal pressure on a wall from the retained soil uphill?

Back 95

Surcharge

Front 96

Water pressure in retained soil?

Back 96

Hydrostatic Pressure

Front 97

Four common types of wall failures?

Back 97

Overturning

Sliding

Crushing (Buckling or Rupturing)

Settling (Bearing Capacity)

Front 98

From retaining walls, rebar should always be at least ______ from the edge of concrete and placed on the side of ________.

Back 98

2"

Stress

Front 99

Maximum fountain depth for safety?

Back 99

17.5"

Front 100

Minimum height of guardrail?

Back 100

42"

Front 101

Typical table height?

Back 101

30"

Front 102

Illumination level at building entry?

Back 102

5 Foot-candles

Front 103

Illumination levels at park walkways?

Back 103

0.5 Foot-candles

Front 104

Illumination levels at infrequently used building entrances?

Back 104

1.0 Foot-candles

Front 105

Illumination levels at Class 1 football field?

Back 105

100 Foot-candles

Front 106

1 Lux is ______ times 1 Foot-candle?

Back 106

10

Front 107

The Color Rendering index is used to rank lamp types according to their _____.

Back 107

Apparent color and color rendering.

Front 108

Lamp with high initial cost, good color rending and superior optics?

Back 108

Metal Halide

Front 109

Lamp with high initial cost, low long term cost and poor color rendition?

Back 109

Low Pressure Sodium Lamp

Front 110

Lamp generally not used for large scale lighting because of their poor efficacy and short lifespan?

Back 110

Incandescent

Front 111

Cubic Feet in a Cubic Yard?

Back 111

27

Front 112

Maximum desirable grade along a bike path?

Back 112

7%

Front 113

Bituminous concrete is manufactured from _____ and _____.

Back 113

Aggregate and Bitumens

Front 114

The white coating found on newly constructed brick work is?

Back 114

Efflorescence

Front 115

3 types of coatings applied to nails used in exterior conditions?

Back 115

Aluminum

Stainless Steel

Hot Dipped Galvanized

Front 116

The height of a retaining wall is measured from ______ to _____.

Back 116

Bottom of footing to top of wall

Front 117

In applications that poor soil conditions it is important to install a _________ between the subgrade and base course material .

Back 117

Seperation barrier (geotextile fabric)

Front 118

What is the maximum depth to stockpile soils to prevent compaction under the soils own weight?

Back 118

4 feet

Front 119

Construction detail sheet usually convey information through __________.

Back 119

Orthographic drawings

Front 120

In order to properly estimate how much water will be used or how much water use will be allowed on a site use the __________ calculation.

Back 120

Maximum applied water allowance

Front 121

For a project in a wet or freezing condition, what is the proper base product to use under the asphalt wearing course?

Back 121

Asphalt treated base

Front 122

The most economical staking method for a large-scale state highway construction project is _______.

Back 122

Global Positioning System (GPS) Unit

Front 123

Survey method used to locate critical elements on a site such as building corners, connection to utilities and other site amenities?

Back 123

Northing and Easting

Front 124

Preparation requirements for topsoil stripping and stockpiling would be found in what spec division?

Back 124

Division 31

Front 125

For some aspects of a project, the contractor may be given latitude in deciding methods of construction. Prior to final acceptance and payment, these items should be provide to the LA, for approval, in the ________.

Back 125

As Built Drawings

Front 126

The standard for concrete are governed by the ______.

Back 126

American Society to Testing and Materials (ASTM)

Front 127

Design loads for decks are measured in ______.

Back 127

Pounds per Square Foot

Front 128

What unit is used to measure illumination on a surface in the US? Internationally?

Back 128

Footcandle

Lux

Front 129

When mixing irrigation heads of various radius sizes, the irrigation head nozzles must have matching ______.

Back 129

Precipitation Rates

Front 130

The relative compressive strength of a typical concrete sidewalk is directly related to the ratio of what two product?

Back 130

Cement and Aggregate

Front 131

In plane surveying, distances are most commonly measured with _________.

Back 131

A Foresight and Backsight

Front 132

The ability of soil to bind together under moderately dry conditions?

Back 132

Cohesion

Front 133

Test preformed on the subgrade before pouring of concrete to insure the subgrades suitability?

Back 133

The Proctor Test Method

Front 134

What is used bond wood together and can be used on dry, wet or treated wood, it is not effected by moisture?

Back 134

Construction Adhesive

Front 135

What compaction equipment best suited for aggregate products?

Back 135

Plate Compactor

Front 136

What compaction equipment is ideal for colloidal soils and used exclusively with cohesive soils?

Back 136

Sheep's Foot Roller

Front 137

When concrete is subject to roadway conditions, the primary criterion for selecting aggregate used in the concrete is ________.

Back 137

Hardness

Front 138

What is the best type of soil to specify as a structural fill material?

Back 138

Graded gravel (works as well and is cheaper that crushed aggregates)

Front 139

What should not be include in the construction of a rain garden due to is propensity to clog and compromise the system?

Back 139

Geotextile Fabric

Front 140

Installation of composite deck boards should provide for a gap or space betweenparallel boards of which dimension?

Back 140

3/16"

Front 141

The type of contract in which the contractor's payment is based upon measurement ofwork completed is a __________.

Back 141

Unit Cost

Front 142

Minimum width for a one way ramp? Two way ramp?

Back 142

3'

5'

Front 143

Trees on a planting plan should be drawn at ______ of their mature size.

Back 143

2/3

Front 144

A bundle of rods or sticks bound together for filling in marshy ground or other obstacles and for strengthening the sides of embankments, ditches, or trenches.

Back 144

Fascine

Front 145

What subgrade material is suitable for direct placement of a concrete slab?

Back 145

Loam

Front 146

Test to measure the compressive strength of concrete?

Back 146

Schmidt Hammer Test

Front 147

Seeding and straying is an effects erosion control method if construction site will be unused for ______ says or more.

Back 147

30

Front 148

A general rule for velocity of flow in pipes is not to exceed ______ or be less than _____.

Back 148

15 ft per sec

1 ft per sec

Front 149

The ideal flow velocity for pipes in between _____ and ______.

Back 149

2 - 7 ft per sec

Front 150

In the US runoff is measure in _______.

Back 150

CFS (Cubic Feet per Second)

Front 151

One cubic foot of water contains ____ gallons.

Back 151

7.5

Front 152

______ is a type of backflow preventer.

Back 152

Anti Syphon Valve

Front 153

Optimal operating pressure for spray and drip irrigation systems?

Back 153

Spray = 50 - 60 psi

Drip = .35 psi

Front 154

Typical household lamp bulb. Cheap, inefficient and good optical control (warm tone).

Back 154

Incadescent

Front 155

Bulb with OK rendering - cheap and inefficient - difficult optical control - low installation cost (cool tone).

Back 155

Fluorescent

Front 156

Excellent color rendering - good optical control - long life - high installation cost.

Back 156

Metal Halide (commonly used on sport fields)

Front 157

Poor color rendering for blue/green - orange/yellow color - high installation cost - long life

Back 157

High Pressure Sodium (common street lamp)

Front 158

Standard exterior construction tolerances for horitzontal measurements is _______.

Back 158

1/8"

Front 159

The _____ of a footing needs to be _____ minimum below the frost line.

Back 159

Bottom

1"

Front 160

Installation of ag base is typically done in lifts of _____ to _____.

Back 160

4" to 6"

Front 161

Asphalt Paving Profile Elements (Top to Bottom)

Back 161

Wearing Course

Tack Coat

Base Course

Prime Coat

Aggregate Base

Compacted Subgrade

Front 162

Types of retaining wall failures?

Back 162

Sliding

Overturning

Buckling

Bearing Capacity (same as Settling)

Front 163

5 Common Wood Fasteners for Decks

Back 163

Column Base

Post Cap

Strap Hanger

Strap Tie (T and L)

Tie Plate

Front 164

Nail with a coating that melts when driven to lubricate the nail and then hardens to hold.

Back 164

Resin Coated

Front 165

Nail coating with moderate rust protecting, not recommended for exterior use.

Back 165

Zinc Platted

Front 166

Nail with good corrosion resistance.

Back 166

Galvanized Steel

Front 167

Nail with high corrosion resistance. Expensive

Back 167

Stainless Steel

Front 168

Primary Components of Pergola

Back 168

Posts

Beams

Rafters

Purlins

Front 169

Brick Headers in Walls do what?

Back 169

Add Stuctural Integrity

Create Aesthetic Patterning

Front 170

Layers of a green roof - bottom to top?

Back 170

Roof of Building

Waterproofing

Insulation

Protection Board

Root Barrier

Drainage

Filter Membrane

Growing Medium