Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
190 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Accommodation
|
?
|
|
|
Achondroplasia
|
Hereditary condition, ossification of cartilage is retarded - resulting in very short limbs
|
|
|
Acromegaly
|
Overproduction of growth hormone in pituitary - resulting in abnormal growth of feet, hands, & face
|
|
|
Acuity
|
Sharpness or keenness of thought, vision or hearing
|
|
|
Agglutination
|
Clumping of red blood cells when held together by antibodies
|
|
|
Albino
|
Congenital absence of pigment in the skin and hair
|
|
|
Alopecia
|
Baldness
|
|
|
Avelous
|
Air sacks in the lungs that exchange oxygen & carbon dioxide
|
|
|
Amblyopia
|
Impaired or dim vision without obvious defect or change in the eye
|
|
|
Analgesics
|
Drug that reduces or eliminates pain
|
|
|
Anesthetic
|
A substance that induces insensitivity to pain
|
|
|
Anhidrosis
|
Failure of sweat glands
|
|
|
Ankylosis
|
Abnormal stiffening or immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones
|
|
|
Anticoagulant
|
Inhibiting the coagulation of blood
|
|
|
Antibodies
|
A blood protein produced in response to & counteracting a specific antigen
|
|
|
Antihistamines
|
Drug or compound that inhibits the effects of a histamine in the treatment of allergies
|
|
|
Antipruritic
|
Substance that relieves or prevents itching
|
|
|
Antipyretic
|
Drug used to prevent or reduce fever
|
|
|
Anthrogram
|
X ray of a joint after the injection of a contrast medium
|
|
|
Anthroscopy
|
Minimally invasive operation to repair a damaged joint (examine while repair)
|
|
|
Asbestosis
|
Lung disease resulting from the inhalation of asbestos particles
|
|
|
Astigmatism
|
Defect in the eye or lens caused by deviation from spherical curvature - prevents light from meeting at a common focus
|
|
|
Atelectasis
|
Partial or complete collapse of a lung
|
|
|
Auscultation
|
Listening to sounds from the heart, lungs, or other organs typically done with a stethoscope
|
|
|
Barium Enema
|
Contrast medium is injected into rectum & X rays are taken of digestive track/lower intestines
|
|
|
Benign Tumor
|
Tumor that is not cancerous
|
|
|
Bone Marrow
|
Fatty network of connective tissue that fills the cavities of bones and red blood cells are produced
|
|
|
Bronchi
|
Any of the major air passages of the lungs that diverge from the windpipe
|
|
|
Callus
|
Thickened or hardened part of the skin
Bony healing tissue that forms around the ends of bones |
|
|
Cancellous Bone
|
One of the two types of osseous tissue that form bones
|
|
|
Cateract
|
Clouding of the lens of the eye
|
|
|
Cerumen
|
Soft yellow wax created by glands in the ear canal
|
|
|
Chalazion
|
Small sebaceous cyst on the eyelid - result of a blocked Meibomian gland
|
|
|
Cochlea
|
Spiral cavity of the inner ear containing the organ Corti - which produces nerve impulses in response to sound vibrations
|
|
|
Colles Fracture
|
Distal fracture of the radius in the forearm with dorsal (posterior) displacement of the hand
|
|
|
Comedones
|
Blackhead
|
|
|
Conjunctiva
|
Mucous membrane that covers the front of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelids
|
|
|
Conjuctivitis
|
Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eye
|
|
|
Contraindication
|
Reason that makes it inadvisable to prescribe a particular drug or employ a particular procedure of treatment
|
|
|
Cornea
|
The transparent layer forming the front of the eye
|
|
|
Cortisol
|
Steroid hormone produced by the adrenal gland - released in response to stress
|
|
|
Cranium
|
Skull (part enclosing the brain)
|
|
|
Cryosurgery
|
Surgery using the local application of intense cold to destroy unwanted tissue
|
|
|
Cushing Syndrome
|
Hypercorticism - hormone disorder caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood (tumor in the pituitary gland)
|
|
|
Cyst
|
Membranous sac or cavity of abnormal character contains fluid
|
|
|
Cytotoxic Cells
|
T cells that induce death of infected somatic or tumor cells, virus infected cells
|
|
|
Dermis
|
Thick layer of skin below the epidermis the forms the true skin
|
|
|
Diabetes Insipidus
|
Rare form of diabetes caused by a deficiency of the pituitary hormone vasopressin, which regulates kidney function
|
|
|
Diabetes Mellitus
|
Common form of diabetes cause by a deficiency of the pancreatic hormone insulin - results in failure to metabolize sugars & starch
(sugars accumulate in blood & urine) |
|
|
Diplopia
|
Visual impairment in which an object is seen as two objects
(often occurs when one eye is covered) |
|
|
Dysplastic Nevi
|
Mole but different
(irregular, distinct borders, color) |
|
|
Eczema
|
Condition in which patches of skin become rough & inflamed, with itching & bleeding blisters
|
|
|
Electrocauterization
|
To cauterize with electricity
(LEEP) |
|
|
Electrolyte
|
An ionized or ionizable constitutes of a living cell, blood, or other organic matter
|
|
|
Electrophoresis
|
The movement of charged particles in a fluid or gel under the influence of an electric field
|
|
|
Emetic
|
Medicine or other substance that causes vomiting
|
|
|
En bloc resection
|
?
|
|
|
Endotracheal Intubation
|
Placement of a flexible plastic catheter into the trachea to administer anesthetic gas or oxygen
|
|
|
Eosinophil
|
White blood cell containing granules readily stained by eosin (Fights parasites)
|
|
|
Epidermis
|
The outer layer of cells covering an organism (outermost layer of skin)
|
|
|
Erythema
|
Superficial reddening of the skin, usually in patches, as a result of injury or irritation causing dilatation of the blood capillaries
|
|
|
Esotropia
|
Cross-eyed (one or both)
|
|
|
Ewing Sarcoma
|
Malignant round-cell tumor - rare disease in which cancer cells are found in the bone or soft tissue
(usually located in the leg or pelvis) |
|
|
Exostosis
|
A benign outgrowth of cartilaginous tissue on a bone
|
|
|
Exotropia
|
Strabismus in which one or both eyes are directed outward
|
|
|
Estrogen
|
Steroid hormones that promote the development & maintenance of female characteristics of the body
|
|
|
Eustachian Tube
|
Narrow passage leading from the pharynx to the cavity of the middle ear, permitting the equalization of pressure on each side of the eardrum
|
|
|
Exanthematous
|
Refers to any eruptive disease or fever of the skin (Scarlet Fever)
|
|
|
Fissure
|
Split or crack (something) to form a long narrow opening
(splits the brain - longitudinal fissure) |
|
|
Fovea Centralis
|
Area consisting of a small depression in the retina containing cones where the vision is most acute
|
|
|
Gangrene
|
Localized death & decomposition of body tissue - results from either obstructed circulation or bacterial infection
|
|
|
Glaucoma
|
Condition of increased pressure within the eyeball, causing gradual loss of sight
|
|
|
Gouty Arthritis
|
Form of arthritis caused by deposits of needle-like crystals or uric acid
(strikes a single joint - big toe) |
|
|
Greenstick Fracture
|
Fracture of the bone in which one side of the bone is broken & the other only bent
(common among children) |
|
|
Hematocrit
|
Ratio of blood cells to the total blood volume
|
|
|
Hemochromatosis
|
Hereditary disorder in which iron salts are deposited into the tissues
|
|
|
Hemophilia
|
Condition in which the ability of the blood clot is severely reduced/fails to clot
|
|
|
Heparin
|
A compound in the liver & other tissues that inhibits blood coagulation
|
|
|
Hodgkin Disease
|
Type of lymphoma - cancer originating from white blood cells called lymphocytes
|
|
|
Hordeolum
|
Sty - an infection of a sebaceous gland of the eyelid
|
|
|
Humeral
|
Relating to the humerus of a human or other vertebrae
|
|
|
Hyperopia
|
Farsightedness
|
|
|
Hypersensitivity
|
Pathological sensitivity
|
|
|
Hyperthyroidism
|
Over-activity of the thyroid gland - resulting in rapid heartbeat and in increased rate of metabolism
|
|
|
Hypnotic
|
Sleep-inducing drug
|
|
|
Iatrogenic
|
Illness caused by medical examination or treatment
|
|
|
Integumentary System
|
The skin & its appendages
|
|
|
Invasive Cancer
|
Cancer that begins in one area & then spreads deeper into the tissues of that area
|
|
|
Iris
|
Flat, colored, ring-shaped membrane behind the cornea of the eye, with an adjustable circular opening (pupil) in the center
|
|
|
Iron-Deficiency Anemia
|
Form of anemia due to lack of iron in the diet or to iron loss as a result of chronic bleeding
|
|
|
Kaposi Sarcoma
|
Tumor ?
|
|
|
Keloid
|
An area of irregular fibrous tissue formed at the site of a scar or injury
|
|
|
Keratitis
|
Inflammation of the cornea of the eye
|
|
|
Laryngectomy
|
Surgical removal of part or all of the larynx (usually to treat cancer)
|
|
|
Leukoplakia
|
Mucous membrane disorder characterized by white patches
(Cheek, tongue, vulva, or penis) |
|
|
Linear accelerators
|
An accelerator in which particles travel in straight lines, not in closed orbits ?
|
|
|
Liver scan
|
An image of the liver on a computer screen or on film. A radioactive substance is injected into the blood vessels & travels thru the bloodstream. It collects in abnormal areas of the liver & can be detected by the scanner
|
|
|
Lordosis
|
Excessive inward curvature of the spine
|
|
|
Lyme Disease
|
An inflammatory disease characterized at first by a rash, headache, fever, & chills, later by possible arthritis & neurological & cardiac disorders - caused by bacteria that are transmitted by ticks
|
|
|
Lymph Nodes
|
Small swellings in the lymphatic system where lymph is filtered & lymphocytes are formed
|
|
|
Lymphocytosis
|
An abnormal increase in the number of lymphocytes in the circulating blood
|
|
|
Lymphopoiesis
|
The formation of lymphocytes in the bone marrow & lymph nodes & thymus & spleen
|
|
|
Macula
|
Distinct discolored spot on the skin
Oval yellowish area surrounding the fovea near the center of the retina of the eye |
|
|
Macula Lutea
|
Small yellowish central area of the retina that is rich in cones & that mediates clear detailed vision
|
|
|
Macular Degeneration
|
Eye disease caused by the degeneration of the macula lutea & results in blurred vision/blindness
|
|
|
Mastoid Process
|
Prominence of the temporal bone behind the ear
|
|
|
Mediastinum
|
Membranous partition between two body cavities or two parts of an organ
|
|
|
Medication Administration
|
?
|
|
|
Meniere Disease
|
Disorder of the inner ear that can affect hearing & balance to a varying degree
|
|
|
Metastasis
|
Development of secondary malignant growths at a distance from the primary site
|
|
|
Mohs Surgery
|
Chemosurgery - Microscopically controlled surgery used to treat common types of skin cancer
|
|
|
Mutation
|
The changing of the structure of a gene, resulting in a variant form that may be transmitted to subsequent generation
|
|
|
Myeloid
|
Relating to bone marrow / white blood cells ?
|
|
|
Myopia
|
Nearsightedness
|
|
|
Myxedema
|
Swelling of the skin & underlying tissues giving a waxy consistency typical of patients with under-active thyroid glands
|
|
|
Neutropenia
|
Leukopenia in which the decrease in primarily in number of neutrophils
|
|
|
Nevus
|
Birthmark or mole on the skin
|
|
|
Oblique
|
A muscle neither parallel nor perpendicular to the long axis of the body or limb
|
|
|
Oncogenes
|
A gene that in certain circumstances transforms a cell into a tumor cell
|
|
|
Optic Chiasm
|
The crossing of the optic nerves from the two eyes at the base of the brain
|
|
|
Orthopnea
|
Form of dyspnea in which the person can breathe comfortably only when standing or sitting erect
|
|
|
Ossicles
|
Very small bone (middle ear)
|
|
|
Osteoarthritis
|
Degeneration of joint cartilage & the underlying bone
|
|
|
Osteodystrophy
|
Defective bone development, usually attributable to renal disease or disturbances in calcium & phosphorus metabolism
|
|
|
Osteomyelitis
|
Inflammation of the bone or bone marrow, usually due to infection
|
|
|
Palliative
|
Relieving pain or alleviating a problem without dealing with the underlying cause
|
|
|
Papule
|
Small, raised, solid pimple or swelling, often forming part of a rash on the skin & typically inflamed
|
|
|
Paronychia
|
Infection of the tissues adjacent to a nail on a finger or a toe
|
|
|
Pedunculated
|
Pertaining to a structure with a stalk or peduncle ?
|
|
|
Perfusion
|
Pumping a liquid into an organ or tissue (especially by way of blood vessels)
|
|
|
Pernicious Anemia
|
Deficiency in the production of red blood cells thru a lack of Vitamin B12
|
|
|
Petechiae
|
Small red or purple spot caused by bleeding into the skin
|
|
|
Phacolysis
|
The surgical breakdown & removal of the lens of the eye
|
|
|
Phrenodynia
|
?
|
|
|
Pilonidal Cyst
|
Cyst or abscess near or on the natal cleft of the buttocks that often contain hair & skin debris
|
|
|
Pleural Effusion
|
Excess fluid that accumulates in the pleura, the fluid filled space that surrounds the lungs
|
|
|
Pleuritis
|
Inflammation (sticking) of the pleura, the lining of the pleural cavity surrounding the lungs
|
|
|
Polypoid
|
?
|
|
|
Presbyopia
|
Farsightedness caused by loss of elasticity of the lens of the eye
|
|
|
Pruritus
|
Severe itching of the skin
|
|
|
Psoriasis
|
A skin disease marked by red, itchy, scaly patches
|
|
|
Purpura
|
A rash of purple spots on the skin caused by internal bleeding from small blood vessels
|
|
|
Pustule
|
Small blister or pimple on the skin containing pus
|
|
|
Pulmonary Abscess
|
Localized accumulation of pus in the lung
|
|
|
Radiation Oncologist
|
Doctor who specializes in the treatment of cancer patients, using radiation therapy as the main modality of treatment
|
|
|
Radiocurable Cancer
|
?
|
|
|
Radiology
|
Science of X rays & other high energy radiation especially for the use of such radiation for the diagnosis & treatment of disease
|
|
|
Radioresistant Tumor
|
Tumor that requires large doses of radiation to be destroyed
|
|
|
Receptor
|
Organ or cell able to respond to light, heat, or other external stimulus & transmit a signal to a sensory nerve
Responds specifically to a particular neurotransmitter |
|
|
Rod/Cone
|
Two types of photo-receptors in the retina
Rod - black & white Cone - colors |
|
|
Roentgenology
|
Study of roentgen rays for diagnostic & therapeutic purposes ?
|
|
|
Rubella
|
A contagious viral disease, with symptoms like mild measles
|
|
|
Rubeola
|
Measles - an acute & highly contagious viral disease marked by distinct red spots followed by a rash (children)
|
|
|
Sarcoma
|
A malignant tumor or connective & other nonepithelial tissue
|
|
|
Scirrhous
|
Hard fibrous consistency ?
|
|
|
Sclera
|
White outer layer of the eyeball, continuous with the cornea at the front
|
|
|
Scoliosis
|
Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine
|
|
|
Sebum
|
An oily secretion of sebaceous glands
|
|
|
Sedative
|
Drug that promotes calming or induces sleep
|
|
|
Sella turcica
|
Saddle shaped depression in the sphenoid bone at the base of the human skull
|
|
|
Sessile
|
Fixed in one place, immobile
|
|
|
Sideropenia
|
Deficiency of iron - results from inadequate iron in the diet or from hemorrhage
|
|
|
Spleen Scan
|
?
|
|
|
Splenomegaly
|
Abnormal enlargement of the spleen
|
|
|
Stimulant
|
Substance that raises levels of psychological or nervous activity in the body
|
|
|
Stridor
|
Harsh vibrating noise when breathing, caused by obstruction of the windpipe or larynx
|
|
|
Subcutaneous
|
Tissue or superficial fascia located in the lowermost layer of the integumentary system (under the skin)
|
|
|
Synergism
|
The working together of two things (muscles, drugs) to produce an effect greater than the sum of their individual effects
|
|
|
T Cells
|
Small lymphocyte developed in the thymus, orchestrates the immune system's response to infected or malignant cells
|
|
|
Talipes
|
Clubfoot
|
|
|
Tetany
|
Condition marked by intermittent muscular spasms, caused by a malfunction of the parathyroid glands & a consequent deficiency of calcium
|
|
|
Thalassemia
|
Any of a group of hereditary hemolytic diseases caused by faulty hemoglobin synthesis
|
|
|
Thoracentesis
|
Removal of fluid from the chest by centesis for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes
|
|
|
Thyrotoxicosis
|
An overactive thyroid gland - pathologically excessive production of thyroid hormones or the condition resulting from excessive production of thyroid hormones
|
|
|
Thyroxine
|
Hormone produced by the thyroid gland, acting to increase metabolic rate & so regulating growth & development
|
|
|
Tinnitus
|
Ringing or buzzing in the ears
|
|
|
Tinea
|
Infection of the skin or nails caused by fungi & appearing as itching circular patches
|
|
|
Tonometry
|
The measurement of intracular pressure by determining the amount of force needed to make a slight indentation in the cornea
|
|
|
Tonsils
|
Small masses of lymphoid in the throat
|
|
|
Topical Drug
|
Topical medication applied to the skin
|
|
|
Toxic
|
Poisonous substances
|
|
|
Toxicology
|
Branch of science concerned with nature, effects, & detection of poisons
|
|
|
Tumor Staging
|
The stage of cancer is a description of how much the cancer has spread
(size, how deeply it has penetrated, etc) |
|
|
Varicella
|
A herpesvirus that causes chicken pox & shingles
|
|
|
Verruca
|
Contagious & usually painful wart on the sole of the foot
|
|
|
Vertigo
|
Sensation of whirling & loss of balance (disease affecting the inner ear of the vestibular nerve)
|
|
|
Vitiligo
|
A condition in which the pigment is lost from areas of the skin, causing whitish patches, often with no clear cause
|
|
|
Wheal
|
Raised mark on the skin; characteristic of many allergic reactions
|
|
|
Xeroderma
|
Any of various diseases caused by extreme dryness of the skin
|
|
|
Zygomatic Bone
|
Bone that forms the prominent part of the cheek & the outer side of the eye socket
|
