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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fable
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non-realistic story with a moral
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Myth
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Stories used to explain things the teller doesn't understand
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Legend
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Stories (often exaggerated) about real people, places, and things. (Ex: Paul Bunyon)
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Folktale
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Story written in the language of a people, usually for entertainment.
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Fairy Tale
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Magic stories which often have a pattern and an "ideal"
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Assonance
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The repetition of an identical or similar vowel sound. The "oo" sound in the sentence "Look at the cookies." is an example of assonance.
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Meter
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Rhythmic structure of a poem (Ex: Iambic pentameter)
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Lyrical Poetry
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Most common type of poetry--expresses emotions or feelings. may or may not be set to music.
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Concrete Poetry
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Poetry that is visually organized to represent the meaning (poem about a tree is a tree)
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Elegy
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Poem lamenting or describing death
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Expository Writing
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Textbook writing--used to explain and clarify ideas.
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Spatial Sequence in Writing
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Writing where one can choose:
* how you reveal details * the order in which we reveal them * the descriptiveness you use to reveal them (New Moon starts with the end,etc.) |
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Passive Voice
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the voice used to indicate that the grammatical subject of the verb is the recipient (not the source) of the action denoted by the verb) "`The ball was thrown by the boy' uses the passive voice
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Coordinating Conjunction
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connects words of "equal rank" using: neither/nor, and, or but, for, etc.
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Subordinate Conjunction
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Subordinating conjunctions connect subordinate clauses with main clauses: if, although, since, in order that, as, because, unless, after, before, until, when, whenever, while, wherever, etc.
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Participle Phrase
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phrase using a participle (-ing word)
Examples:SITTING IN HIS OFFICE, the President called the Vice-president. FEARING FAILURE, the student was very anxious about the test. |
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Appositive Phrase
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a type of noun phrase that follows the noun or pronoun it modifies and amplifies or restricts its meaning.
Example: Our department head, A CAREFUL READER AND OUTSPOKEN CRITIC, will review the memo before it is circulated. |
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Independent Clause
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A group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete thought. It can be a simple sentence.
Ex: Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz. |
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Dependent Clause
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A group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. It cannot be a sentence.
Ex: When Jim studied in the Sweet Shop for his chemistry quiz... |
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Verb Tenses:
Present Perfect, Past Perfect, Future Perfect |
have taken, had taken, will have taken
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Imperative Sentence
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A sentence that gives advice or instructions or that expresses a request or command.
Ex: Go to school. |
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Complex Sentence
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A complex sentence has an independent clause joined by one or more dependent clauses. Includes a subordinate conjunction (when, before, after, which, because, etc.)
Ex: The teacher returned the homework AFTER she noticed the error. |
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Compound Sentence
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Two independent clauses with a coordinating conjunction (and, or, but, so, for, etc.)
Ex: Alejandro played football, so Maria went shopping. |
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Compound-Complex Sentence
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A sentence with at least two independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses
Ex: The dog lived in the backyard, but the cat, who knew he was superior, lived inside the house. |
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Affix
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A morpheme that is attached to a word stem to form a new word.
Examples: UNdo, happiNESS, etc. |
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Inflectional Endings
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An inflection that is added at the end of a root word.
Examples: catS, dishES, landED, rentING, paintER, gladLY, etc. |
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Homonym
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Two words are homonyms if they are pronounced or spelled the same way but have different meanings
Ex: aloud, allowed |
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Phases of Writing Development:
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Picture writing, Scribble writing, Random letter, Invented spelling, Conventional writing
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Metacognition
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Knowing about knowing
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Phoneme
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Speech sounds
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Grapheme
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Written symbols for the phonemes (speech sounds)
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